World-Renowned Physicist: The Truth About Aliens! UFOs Are Definitely Robotic - Michio Kaku

Yeah, in fact we know that there's a clock in our body called the telomers that tracks how long we're gonna live

And there's something called telomerase which stops the clock which means if we can live forever That's the good news, but the bad news was we found out that cancer also uses telomers and telomerase to live forever And so the question is can we apply that to humans without waking up the cancers But this is not science fiction. This is a future and for 71 years You've been studying physics and how summits will shape human destiny

“So how is life likely to be different in the future?”

Well decade by decade we see the enormous progress that we humans have made for example We'll probably be on the moon maybe into Mars and also the artificial intelligence will help us to cure cancer and many diseases However for the first time in human history We have the potential of destroying ourselves with designer germs nuclear weapons perhaps artificial intelligence like this is a quantum computer

This is so powerful that even the CIA is worried about the fact that these could break into any known computer

Including banks even Bitcoin. That's right. So capitalism would vanish society would come to a halt and What about humanoid variables? I would look as seriously at the possibility of merging with them so that we don't have a silver war realize that right the edge of a knife You tilt at the wrong way and there's worlds war you tilt at that other way and there's food and luxury for everyone And it's up to us to decide which way the knife will go doctor me cheer cackay

I've waited a long time to ask someone these questions. Why do you believe we came from do you think it's plausible that in fact We are living in a simulation and then is there any evidence when we look out the stars That there is non-human life out there. Okay, so first of all

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Thank you so so so so Doctor Me cheer cackay That's right for anyone that isn't aware of you in your work and

“They're wondering whether they should listen to what you have to say today because they don't know your work”

And they've not gone through the the books and the interviews that you've done How would you describe your experience? I work in something called string theory Which we think is the theory that eluded Einstein for the last 30 years of his life the theory of everything The theory that explains the big bang the formation of stars galaxy formation of the earth life I'm a physicist working in the theory of everything. What is the theory of everything? And a question perhaps no more than one inch long

That will allow us to quote read the mind of God These are Einstein's words the theory of the big bang the theory of creation itself the theory of of everything I want to explain this in terms that even the most sort of novice view I could understand the theory of everything is a Equation that explains everything physics No, no, no everything because from physics comes chemistry

From the chemistry because biology and from that comes our universe is it things like gravity and interesting time gravity light the nuclear force There are four fundamental forces of the universe. There's the gravitational force which keeps us here The electromagnetic force which lights up our world and the two nuclear forces We want a theory that explains all four you know when people watch your interviews and they read your books

“What do you think is the fundamental question that they're typically seeking to answer?”

What does it mean for me? What does what mean for me the physics of the future that as we physicists create the future Where the ones who understand what is possible, what is not possible, what is plausible? How does that affect the average person and there's an element of all of us that's just trying to figure out How we got here where our place is in the universe. Yeah, especially for people who are philosophical or religious

They want to know what is it all mean? I mean, what did I come from what what is the universe going they wouldn't know the answer to the big questions the question of meaning And that's what we physicists do I'm they want to know if we're a learning the universe. Oh, yeah, that too. That's a byproduct of what we do is look for our extraterrestrial intelligence You've been doing this for many many decades now. You've been studying the nature of the universe and physics

Is that a fundamental misunderstanding that you're aware of that the average person still believes?

Totally divorced from the average person They don't realize that everything about their life about electricity But magnetism about the nuclear force about the industry everything comes from physics But the average person thinks that physics is where aches is where equations you put on a blackboard in a cartoon Nope, it's everywhere

In the last couple of weeks you've been asked to do lots of interviews because Trump has released the UFO files that's right before we get into lots of other subjects and physics generally

“If probably stop by just tackling this question head on do you think that we are alone in the universe?”

No, we're not alone because the galaxy has a hundred billion stars

Of which maybe 10% have planets that are earth-like or it's our similar to earth But the question is can they visit us? a Saturn 5 rocket would take 70,000 years just to reach the nearest star hopskip and a jump 70,000 years so a civilization that could reach the earth Wouldn't be hundreds thousands of years more advanced than us so I'm a physicist we look at that

Space warms is it possible that a flying saucer race could create a space warms so they can visit us space warp Bending space is not possible. Well, gravity bend space all the time the question is can you bend space enough? So then you can go faster than the speed of light so you can visit the nearest star That's a question mark. We physicists look at that, but we have no definite answer, but it's it's possible So when these people say that you know, I had a podcast recently where two people explain to me that there's been some very unusual

sightings of UAPs and they use this as evidence to say that aliens exist Do you think those sightings are actually extraterrestrial life, would you think it's just people hallucinating and seeing I don't

Light orbs and misunderstanding what they're looking at well. There are three types of observations close encounters of the first kind

Is when you see something in the sky and the first kind close to kind of to the second kind is When you had something tangible an engine a body a wreckage of a UAP that's second kind Close encounters are the third kind is when you actually encounter them and shake their hand Now where are we we're at closing counters are the first kind where we see things floating in the sky But we don't know what they are we don't have anything tangible now in science fiction

We've captured the flying saucer. We have the aliens in a case or so what that's the movies We have yet to see an alien in in in the laboratory

“We have yet to see an alien ship in other words people say I saw something now. What does that mean?”

I'm a physicist we go where the we go where the observation goes and we have no observations to verify what you saw Except of course sensationalists who say I've seen the bodies. Okay, show us See from now I conclude that you don't believe alien life has a rife to run off I don't I I'm open to the possibility 95% of the sightings. We can be we can Explain using the known laws of physics 5% are either optical illusions or the or evidence of

Visitation you can't roll it out So I'm open to the idea that maybe they're here now President Trump has released the first mountain load of 160 Encounters of alien technology we think but we had been yet seen a close encounter of the second kind when that happens That's the game changer

Well, we have a piece of a UFO hardware that would never nail into the wall right there

Is the narrative that the US government or generally governments around the world wouldn't want the people to know about aliens because they're not ready for it Did you buy that that's the traditional excuse for not revealing these things But the other excuse is there's a cover it's a cover for the stealth bomber it's a cover for the fact that the military It does experiment with aerodynamically and the novel forms of transport and so

“Those are the reasons why the military keeps it a secret and actually lies about these things”

But now they're it's leaking out Congress the president of the United States. They're demanding these these Sightings to be declassified So we physicists now are analyzing them to see whether or not they really really not is there any evidence when we look out at the stars

Non-human life out there is there anything that you see When you look at other planets and how they're operating that might suggest there's a different type of life there

“Oh yeah, but there's no tangible evidence where do you have to give me one example?”

Well for example, they could look at alpha centauri the closest star system to the planet Earth right how far away is that before and have light years And if you take a look at the alpha centauri system the closest system to the Earth You have red red stars That could could have life on them. We're not sure are they're not super hot Super large in which case it would be very difficult to get life forms off the ground but the point of raising is that the Milky Way galaxy our backyard

has a hundred

Billion stars and the probability of life existing among those stars is on almost a hundred percent

The question is can they reach us that means is it possible to create a space war Such that you can rate the light barrier so that you can travel Across the galaxy and visit the Earth and did you say that was theoretically? Possible it's theoretically possible. Yeah, but unfortunately the energy fantastic amounts of energy But the laws of physics do allow for the possibility of space warps

I mean you see in space warps a star trek

“But where does that trick get the worst space warps it comes from physics?”

I also had you telling I think it's your rogue and you're telling a story of one particular Star that

Reducers in its intensity by 20 percent yeah, there is a star that that oscillates. What does that mean so it drives by about 20 percent

So it's it's it's reducing it's a light output by 20 percent that's right how often we don't have the way Precensorators within a matter of months to years a star that reduces frequently reduces It's light output by 20 percent. Yeah, which is very unusual. The only one we saw is what you've seen so far You explained one of the theories. I think when you first talked about this was that's a civilization might have built something around that star Oh, yeah, that's one of several theories that a civilization that advanced with electromagnetic energy needs

And the easiest way to get energy is by encircling the mother star with an envelope And the envelope them would absorb most of the energy if in fact that was an episode of Star Trek. They meet a star That is totally enveloped by a metal shell the aliens left it That centuries ago, but you know, it can't be ruled out the theory goes that an advanced civilization was surrounded

It with like a metal sphere to capture its energy. Yeah, and that would explain why we see a 20 percent reduction in the

Light output. I know they think that is probably an orbiting an orbiting globe that eclipse is the mother star Rather than envelopes some other star it simply goes around the mother star and eclipse this it Oh, it'd be like a big ball that circles that's right there. We call it a dip Because it dip in the intensity of like as far as we see it as far as we see it right because this big ball is sometimes moving in front I thought that's right. Exactly. What could it just be a planet?

Plans are not that big planets are about about 1% I Jupiter is about 1% this size of the sun So the sunlight would drop by about one or two percent if Jupiter goes in front of our sun. Oh, I've got you So this is much bigger is huge you've um You've written a lot of books

About the universe and physics and everything in between I've waited a long time to ask someone this question and it's a very broad question and the question is Where do you believe that we came from? Where do you believe that life came from? What do you believe this universe came from?

Well the universe came from the big bang the question is where did the big bang go from right? Okay, so what is the big bang a big bang is the cosmic explosion that took place around 14 or so billion years ago that Created the expanding universe How do we know that happened because we have evidence of the expansion that took place

You know 14 or so billion years ago We see the stars moving away from us so think of a big balloon the big balloon with Points of light on the balloon and the balloon is expanding and the stars are moving away from each other

“That's what we see today not moving toward each other all the stars are moving away from each other”

They like this fear is expanding And so we believe in the the big bang theory and we believe that universe is expanding rather than contracting Expanding into what High-press base what's that well we live in a four-dimensional universe three dimensions of space

But in string theory we believe that there were 11 dimensions all together string theory is something that you

Came up with I came up with string feel theory which is one of the branches of string theory right and what is string theory string theory Says that what is a proton what is an electron? They're nothing but vibrations of a string So from a distance this looks like a point particle for a distance this is an electron

But if you could magnify that we find that it's not really a point at all It's really a vibrating string and each vibration corresponds to a node So this would be a proton This would be an electron This would be a neutron this would be a neutrino

“That's why we have so many subatomic particles”

Okay, so test to simplify this in way that I understand you're saying that at the very base layer

Particles are the same but they're just strings that I'm basically vibrating differently

That's right and that would be the sort of foundational matter of everything that's right everything is basically a vibrating string So when the string vibrates in this direction we call it an electron The vibrates in this way we call it a proton So why do we have so many subatomic particles? How many of them are there? Hundreds we've seen hundreds of subatomic particles and how could mother nature be so malicious

to create a universe at the fundamental level based on hundreds of different kinds of strings vibrating in different directions Well, it's really just one string One string that can vibrate in different modes each mode It's called a particle. Why does it need to be a string?

We don't know why things are we just

a physicist we just try to figure out the way things really are But if we explain why there's so many particles We used to think that it was an electron a proton and neutron and that's it that's a period nope We've seen pine mesons, we've seen lambda particles and mega particles

“Hundreds of subatomic particles. Why do we build animals measures?”

Outside Chicago outside Geneva huge try again against mattress smashing eggs apart. Why? Because then from the debris we begin to figure out these vibrations are particles We can categorize them we can give them names and then gives us a quote a theory of everything So we hear what is called the standard model which explains all the subatomic particles other than gravity And it and we create these particles with their atom smashes

Which is the big machines where they fire atoms at each other in in Geneva and so on around the wall That's right, this is a large hater on collider, right? But now we realize that there's another octave. There's another layer you can be on what we see with the large hater on collider dark matter Dark matter is invisible matter that surrounds the Milky Way galaxy

And we don't know what it is. There's a Nobel Prize waiting for somebody who could figure out what Dark matter is it's invisible matter Invisible matter that surrounds the entire Milky Way galaxy We think that we cannot yet prove that it's nothing but the next octave Which means but octave

Vibration, in other words this would be the lowest vibration which is cacosponsor electron But there are other vibrations much bigger and they would correspond to a higher octave How do we know it's there if it's invisible? Well, this is a guess but it turns out that when you do the math and you look at the vibration of a string And you look at the higher vibrations some of them are invisible in other words they don't interact with light

Now we know that this interacts with light therefore we can see it the tape but these are the lowest vibrations Some of the higher vibrations are invisible

“And so we think that's what Dark matter is I guess this will comes back to the question we're talking about the big bang”

You know scientists tend to agree that there was some kind of big bang because when you look at the universe It's expanding outwards so one would if you rewind time at some point there was a central Point where something Where a big an explosion occurred if you reverse time I mean it begs the question

What caused to the big bang Well, we don't know but there are theories string theory is a theory even before the big bang It's a theory of everything the big bang in some sense is a misnomer because it disguised the fact that we're ignorant We're ignorant that would cause the thing to bang string theory there was no bang That is it did collapse if you go backwards in time

It did collapse through very small thing and then came out again it bounced Okay, so we think that there could be a bubble bath of universes which means by a bubble bath of universe

But we think there are other bubbles out there

In other words string theory

“Says that we live not just in a four dimensional world, but in a 11 dimensional world”

These other dimensions we cannot see but we think that universe co-exist with other universes is a bubble bath Think of bubbles soap bubbles floating in in the vacuum what about bubbles so when you're talking about bubbles You know Could what do you mean like come like this? Right, okay, give me the big bang

What is it?

All right, okay, so let's say this is the sun yeah, and these are planets

Asteroids whatever and they're going around they're going around the sun Why why are they going around the sun like that?

“Okay, it's because this exerts gravitational force”

That is pulling these things toward toward the sun the earth is just one Asteroids are none of the other Saturn Jupiter There nothing but planets going around the mother star and so then the next question is why Why is it that planets are going around the sun is because the sun?

Is warping the space around it is creating a shallow depression?

Space is not flat. This is Einstein's achievement. You go in this direction seems flat You're going this direction everything seems to be flat, right, but nope The earth for example is round, but it looks flat, but it's not

“The universe looks flat, but it's not is curved and that's why planets go around the mother star”

Because gravity is the byproduct of the warping of space and that's why we are sitting on This chair right now. Why are we here how can we're not finding out a space the earth is spinning, right? The earth is spinning. We should be flung out into outer space. So how can we're here? Gravity grab, but what is gravity though? That's just a word, isn't it? Just because the mass of the earth is so much greater than us that it pulls us in

Okay, well, why is it pulling us in? Einstein says that the reason why the earth is pulling us in is because the earth warps the space around us and is pushing us into the floor That's why the solar system works the way it does because the sun grabs the planets and forces the planet to move in a curved line because it's curved space that is causing it to move this way and getting much what you're saying about the bubble bath idea right then the question is are there

other stars yes other other galaxies there billions and billions of planets out there We think that the whole shabang is curved. We're nothing but inhabitants of the skin of this gigantic bubble Now we're saying that maybe there are other bubbles out there The multiverse, a multiverse of universes, parallel universes. In fact, we're multiverse has gotten into the literature comic books now referred to the multiverse spider man and things like that.

So it's even part of the vernacular the common language of the average person that we believe in parallel universes. So yeah, these parallel universes come from physics and the other thing that comes from physics is black holes. That's right. If this star becomes so massive that its gravity is so great that it pulls the entire shabang in like this and then that would be a black hole and we now believe that at the center of almost every galaxy we see and they're

actually as a galaxy we think that the center of these galaxies is a black hole. Even all galaxy the multiverse. Even our galaxy right. If you're looking at the direction of Sagittarius the constellation Sagittarius there's a black hole there. So tonight go outside look for the constellation Sagittarius and there's a black hole at the center of our own backyard that holds the Milky Way galaxy together. How did it get that? Well we think that it's a remnant of the big

bang that when the big bang exploded clusters of matter begin to contract other clusters of matter and this is where the galaxies and the planets come from. The condensation of the matter ejected out of the big bang gives you the galaxies, the solar systems and the planets. So if I use this as an example there was the big bang and all the pieces flew everywhere and then because of gravity the pieces came together and they got so, so, so big so much mass that they collapsed inwards.

first but let's assume for the moment that the black hole came first. Gas concentrated into a small area called the black hole and then it drew all the other stars in galaxy around it to create the Milky Way galaxy. We're not sure but that's one possibility of where it came from and where did that come from? That in turn came from the explosion that created the universe roughly 14 billion years ago. Am I right in thinking black holes? They are extremely dense like areas of matter and if you

were to go near one, everything that goes near it gets sucked in. That's right and you never get out again.

If this is a black hole there is a ring or a sphere surrounding it, a point of no return you go towards the black hole and you pass this ring and then you go into the black hole never to be seen again. It's a point of no return. How do we know that? Well we've never seen it happen but we can calculate the escape velocity. In other words if you want to leave the earth how fast do you have to move to leave the earth? Seven miles per second. Our astronauts travel seven miles per second

to reach the moon. That's called escape velocity. Every gravitating piece of matter has an escape velocity. For the earth is seven miles per second. What about the escape velocity of a black hole?

It's a speed of light. That's why if you fall through the event horizon of a black hole you never

come out because otherwise you would have to go faster than the speed of light which is not possible.

“So you go in but you never come out. That's why it's called black holes. What's in there?”

If you knew you'd win a Nobel Prize. This area has loads and loads of mass inside it. It's sucking things into it. So one would assume that there was a lot inside there but it's tiny, right? Black holes are tiny. We don't know how big the earth. We think at the very center it could be very small. We're not sure. No one's ever been there because if you go pass the event horizon you never come out again. What do people think is inside a black hole? Because I'm thinking of it's just a

area in space. That looks black on a when you look at it and it can suck in planets. Anything. If I were to take a guess I would say that it's an entrance. It's a gateway. Perhaps to another universe. We think, for example, if I have a warp space and you fall into warp space. If the warp space is

powerful enough it may come out again on the other side. So there may be another universe of the

“other side of a black hole. We're not sure of course. If you want to go to Alpha Centaurin with a”

Saturn V rocket it would take 70,000 years to reach the nearest star with our most powerful rocket. Very impractical. You need a shortcut and that's the gateway called a wormhole which is very similar to a black hole. A little bit different but very similar. How long have you been studying physics in the universe now? Since I was eight years old I've been studying the universe. 71 years. Yeah, when I was eight years old, a great scientist had just died. It was in all the newspapers and

the newspapers said that he failed on his last try to create a theory of everything. So I was fascinated by this idea that his man was attempting to find the final theory. He's talking about Einstein. That's right. Later I found out that the man's name was Albert Einstein and at that point

“he said to myself, "That's for me. That's what I want to work on. I want to be part of this great”

journey to complete Einstein's dream of a theory of everything." And that's what I do for a living. I work with Einstein's equations. So for 71 years you've been trying to understand the universe and creating this theory for everything. In that time how is your perspective on God developed? Yes, most of my family were Buddhists coming from Japan, but my father was a Christian and put me in sunny school. So I had the benefit of two religions as a child. Now I'm a physicist

and physicists are called agnostic. They don't take a position. They simply go where the physics takes them into areas that are distasteful, mysterious, whatever you go where the evidence goes. And that's what I am today. In other words, we have the laws of physics. We have strengthiery

universe. But then the next question is where does strengthierry come from? At that point we have to say

“that that's where our ignorance takes over. We simply don't know. What about simulation theory?”

Do you think it's plausible that in fact we are living in a simulation?

I would say the answer is probably no. Probably no. That's right. Simulation theory is basically

saying that the universe is a puppet show and it's a script. We're living out the script because someone is pulling our strings. First of all that violates quantum theory. Quantum theory believes in our probabilities. Probability is that I'm sitting here today. Probability is there maybe one day I'll go into outer space. We can calculate the probabilities of atomic events, chemical events with accuracy that is incredible. But simulation theory is not one of them. The theory which

was proposed by philosopher Nick Gostrum says that there's three possibilities logically. Either number one that human-like civilizations always destroy themselves before they get to the

point where they can do advanced hyperrealistic simulations. And if you think about things like

uneveratory reality at the moment or video games and you imagine them on a spectrum. If they just get one percent better a year at some point they are indistinguishable from this reality that we're experiencing now. So theory one we bypass ourselves out before we get to the point where we're advanced enough in hyperrealistic simulations. Theory number two or possibility number two is that advanced civilizations do exist but they have zero interest in simulating their ancestors which would be us.

Well theory number three is that we are simulation and civilizations do survive and they do run millions of simulations because there would be millions of fake universes and only one can be

base reality in this scenario. And the mathematical loads are incredibly high that we are currently

living inside one of those simulations and not in base reality. Well my personal point of view is there's option four that you don't mention. An option four is that there is no simulation at all. That all this talk is nothing but theory tales. Theory tales that we tell our children to amaze them about the universe. But you see the universe is based on our probabilities. Probability is that uranium will fire for example which gives us nuclear weapons.

Probability is in hydrogen confused and that gives us stars. So the universe is based on our probabilities not on simulations. Do you think what we're seeing? This is a strange question to ask

“because again there's so many deafens definitions within it but do you think what we're seeing is real?”

Like do you think this is you know because people do psychic electronics and I hear about things like DMT. You inhale a little bit of smoke and suddenly everything you see is different and you meet people talk about how they've met other types of life when they've taken an inhale of DMT. They've interacted with some type of other life form. So I guess all this is to say that if our perceived reality is that fragile where we inhale one of smoke and suddenly we're amongst

a different life form then it makes us question whether this is real at all and also like I'll just to extend that a little bit further. If one inhalation of smoke and I guess you can think about that as a bunch of small particles can interrupt something in my brain that causes me to believe that I'm in a different universe then doesn't that prove that my reality is just the projection of a very fragile small amount of particles that are right now lined up so that I see you and this.

“Well I think the answer to that is that what you consider to be reality is really a partial”

fiction that your senses are limited by what your senses can reach free from the outside world but it's only a teeny we need a little fraction of what actually exists. Look at the electromagnetic spectrum of light for example you can't see all the ultraviolet radiation, the infrared x-rays, this room is full of realities that you can't see. Most of what you see is a fragment. A teeny incy we need a little fragment of reality. You can't see cosmic rays. You can't see ultraviolet

radiation. So what I'm trying to tell you is that you live in an illusion. It's a good illusion for survival but in terms of being able to see the full spectrum of reality as it exists. No, there's no way. So you think reality is everything. Nope. It's only a tiny tiny incy we need a little fragment

fantasy is that you think that what you see is real and everything. That's the first fantasy. The

second fantasy is there's a fantasy within the first fantasy. So you're going layer upon layer of fantasies. Now let me give you another example. Let's say you hear rustling in the forest. You think it's a tiger there. Nine times out of ten there's no tiger there but how come your senses are constantly alerting you to the tiger and that is evolution. Evolution gives you the ability to see things that are not really there at all because it's good for survival. One time there is a tiger and it's

saying sure but in other words why are we here today? We're here today because our senses are overactive. Our senses think this alliance is a tiger there where there's no lighter tiger there at

all but it was good for our survival. Okay. So our senses are only necessary for our survival.

“That's what we cannot see infrared. We cannot see ultraviolet. We cannot see the whole spectrum of”

reality radio everything. We can't see it all because it was not necessary for our survival. Why does life matter in the universe? Like what what function does life have in the universe? I think we create our own meaning individually but one would think there's no universal meaning for life in general but I think each of us create our own meaning. I was saying this because you're talking about you know survival and I was just wondering if there was some universal reason why survival is so

important to the universe bigger and survival is important for the universe because we survival writes history. If there's no survival there's nothing to write. There's no memories. There's no stories to tell nothing. There's just a vacuum of space. I was also asking that I guess because you were

“saying how we only see one version of reality and so one would assume therefore that there's another”

version of reality that we can't even see. I mean I've heard this before from physicists you know if you just think about different animals the bat sees a different version of reality to the whale. I saw an art for example. So an art for example. Even my dog, my dog seems to see a completely different version of reality than the one I see. It spells much better than you. All factory nerves of a dog are infinitely better than our factory nerves and our nose. They have a different

reality. I guess the big is a question like what is all of this then? We were talking about the meaning of life for which I had no answer sorry about that. I guess that was what I was asking but I was not asking that wasn't what I was intent and asking but that's the base question which is what's the point? I'm not even sure if the universe has a point but my personal attitude is we create our own point. We create our own world and meaning within that world. It could be different from another

person's meaning and understanding of the world but it's good enough for me. What do you think of the human sort of proclivity to imagine a god and to assign meaning and morality to that god and say well you know because we do have this we do live with this kind of god shaped hole in our lives where we don't really know where we came from we didn't know what the point is so I understand why it's tempting to say this book that someone wrote once upon a time that says this person

this thing created us and these are the rules and this is what good is this is what bad is this is what we get if we follow the rules you know as humans we won't know. Yes I'm to think there's

a reason for that and the answer is evolution what holds animals together the alpha male the top

dog as humans became more intelligent over millions of years humans bicker we argue we challenge the leader and then tribes went fall apart because you need some glue you need some glue to hold it together and if everyone becomes intelligent uniformly there's no glue anymore everyone bickers I'm the leader no I'm the leader so on and so forth so what happens is one person comes up and says I'm stronger than you and I talk to somebody even stronger than me God and if you disobey

me then God will strike you down in other words God is a glue God is a glue that holds sentient beings together when there's no reason to hold them together anymore and they bicker and they the tribe falls apart what holds the tribe together God who is God well God is not here but the son of God is here and the son of God says you got to do this you got to do this

“and you got to point me why because I'm the messenger I'm the son of God so I think religion”

has a definite purpose the purpose of religion is a glue to hold sentient intelligent beings

the ability to create ideas about you know why I mean what does it mean meaning to give meaning to

“things otherwise things become meaningless so I think that's the purpose of consciousness”

is to give us an awareness of meaning do you think these big questions will ever be answered around like where we came from what the point is do you think we'll ever have answers to these things probably not however we have this instinctive urge to to explore to look for new territories and new ideas and that is what I think keeps us going animals do not have that you can't tell a dog aren't you thrilled that we're going through this new new house this new whatever right

and dog says no just give me my my dinner so I think that humans are different the purpose of the front part of our brain that's a rebel cortex that holds us together it's a time machine it asks the question what's going to happen in the future if you don't believe me go to your dog tonight and ask your dog what did he do last night and the dog will just bark no interest in what happened yesterday was happened tomorrow we constantly think about the future we can't

help it we are constantly thinking about what's for dinner tomorrow who's my friend who's my enemy what's going to what am I going to do next year what college don't I going to go to we are obsessed

“with the future that's what separates us from the animal kingdom animals do not care about the”

future they just care about survival we are the other hand are obsessed with the future because that's where our survival lies and why is that because we don't have claws we don't have fangs we don't have huge muscles we can't run very fast we can't fly we're not like the animals we are dependent upon the front part of our brain and that's what we ask these questions that you just ask why are you asking these questions because your program to ask these questions animals are not I mean on the

subject of intelligence there is now new types of intelligence amongst us one of them is referred to as artificial intelligence which is actually modeled on how the brain works you know I've sat here with some of the experts and AI and they've told me that they learned a lot about the human brain and how it reasons and how it processes information with these neural nets as they call it which is a concept that has been inspired by the brain and with that they've started to build these

very intelligent machines which a lot of people are now using in terms of large language models like TraxyBT but we're going further and further into the world of artificial intelligence so I mean one's going to one would reason that the future looks very very different because of this new type of intelligence and that it's going to accelerate maybe a lot of the discoveries and you know that we've pondered about today but also that it's going to change life as we know it and I mean

some people even think that human life won't be the dominant form of intelligence in such a world

“what do you think yes I think that is a definitely problem right now I think a lot of our robots”

have the intelligence of a bug an insect they don't plan they can't articulate their thoughts and so forth but they carry out orders very well but eventually it's only matter of time before they

become as smart as a mouse then as smart as a rabbit then as smart as a dog or a cat and finally

as smart as a monkey at that point they are potentially dangerous the AI models though that are available now are PhD level in terms of intelligence no you cannot talk PhD physics with them they're programmed their program to have certain ways of thinking about certain things but they're not original you can't come up with a new theory of physics talking to a robot they basically take where it's programmed into them and work with that now eventually they may become creative okay

but I think that's going to take several decades before we are at that point when you say creative what's your definition of creative in that context robots right now take what is available to them and rearrange things like writing a book isn't that what humans do don't we take information and rearrange it

oh yeah but we come up with new ideas based on characters the AI can make a photo that is never

existed before so it's not by definition are the basis of what did exist before in other where something new but basically a rearrangement of something that already existed so I'm saying you know the Michael Jackson documentaries just come out recently and you see Michael Jackson the

friend sent me this video which was what Michael Jackson was actually inspired by and it's this

“I'll throw it up on the screen so other people can see but it was something that came before”

Michael Jackson and it was this guy who moved in this very interesting way and when I watched this guy I saw Michael Jackson and so you look at someone like Michael Jackson and you go oh my god and unbelievable creative genius artists but even he was inspired by by someone get it to play even he's he even he wasn't inspired by this individual and then if I if I've

played forward I mean this is how Michael Jackson moved right well the bottom line of art is mimicry

that's the bottom line of art except you arranged things in an original way so it looks fresh and we're right in thinking that with Newton he took the existing laws of physics and he which were negligible and he proposed it and he proposed a question and then he tested that question and found an answer he asked himself a question how come the earth goes around the

“sun and he came up with an idea that was totally different from what people had had thought about before”

he came up with calculus he came up with the inverse square law so what I'm saying is true creativity comes from almost nothing and is like a supernova well creativity of a robot is

imitative now there's nothing wrong with that because of course imitative art work is still

hard work but it's imitative you believe people like the big and AICOs in Elon Musk when they say that AI will lead to new discoveries and science that's possible because there's so many laws and physics that are known that many of the new laws of physics are imitative and you rearrange them and combine them in different ways so it's possible that the big breakthroughs of the future will be guided by breakthroughs of the past there's nothing wrong with that you can sound about

AI that's all I'm concerned about AI in the larger perspective that one day they can learn to do things that are bad learn to kill learn to name to harm people realize that every invention that we've made in the past like the bow and arrow could be used for good and bad everything okay the bow and arrow could be good for game for food for eating but a bow and arrow could be good for slaughtering your your next star neighbor any new invention has a double is sword to it and so I think

that so far most of the applications of artificial intelligence have been positive we're talking about labor costs we're talking about creating wealth we're talking about making things faster cheaper better that's all great but you can also create artificial intelligence weapons as well and the battlefield is where it's happening and if you take a look at what's happening in the Ukraine and Russia already we're talking about aerial weapons that can use wires to lock on to their target

and they use artificial intelligence to guide them with a wire and they cannot be stopped using their usual techniques for every founder that comes a point in building a company where your job shifts from being the person inside your business actioning everything to the person responsible for

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if you had to post it a guess as to what caused the big bang would you land on this bubble

buff theory that you talked about where there's just lots and lots of universes some of them are contracting and expanding is that way you would personally land probably if you take a look at empty space we now believe that empty space is frothing frothing with little bubbles bubbles are popping to existence and then annihilate and go back into nothingness again so even pure nothingness is chock full of activity and one day we think one day one of these tiny little bubbles

decided not to go back into the vacuum but to keep on expanding and expanding and that became the big bang and so the theory says that the universe is dynamic and the universe is being created all the time what about out of an Eve and what about out of an Eve you don't think the story is true that there was a garden out of an Eve, animate the apple, put your clothes on, bathe yourself and

“then you know we'll come from there. Well I think there's evolution and evolution did create life forms”

that are single-celled, multi-celled and then cells with a nervous system like fish and then fish became land moving organisms so I think there's a linear progression but you don't believe the

stories told in the first testament of the Bible around how humans came to be. God created the

world in seven days you didn't believe that stuff. Well I think it's a fairy tale I think it's a very compelling fairy tale but I think that even the people who teach religion realize it as a metaphor that we don't really mean 24 hours in a day because that deals with the earth in the universe there could be other worlds where a day is not 24 hours a day does not look like what the Bible says in Genesis so I think it's a it's a way to organize your religion into a way that is

digestible and and people can understand it and it touches people which is which is the purpose of religion the privacy religion is the touch people to bring them together into a commonality

“and that's what the story of Genesis does religion in some sense is a way to help people”

to show people guidance the good life so that you don't terrorize other people that you make life better for other people not that it explains the meaning of existence but it gives you a reason for existence and you would consider yourself to be an atheist no I'm agnostic I believe that there's a lot of truth because it's a way of behaving it's a way of learning how to be good to your neighbor it's a glue that holds things together not that it gives meaning for a life but it shows the way

it shows the way and in the subject of morality is often so intrinsically linked to religion which is what is good and what is bad what is your morality come from doctor well I was in the United States Army for two years and at that point I had to face death and I had to face war it was the height of the Vietnam War there were 500 GI's dying every week every week life magazine published an issue where they had the pictures just the pictures with no

commentary of all the GI's had died that week with no commentary no I told you so just the pictures of those people that died and then I realized that I would have to put my life on the line because my number was up and people were going into the military and people were realizing well war is the way people you know were work out their differences but did I begin to realize being in the military that there is a morality there I began to realize that the people that we were fighting

had their own religion they had their own way of looking at good and evil and whatever and they were willing to sacrifice their life for their own freedom I began to question

to the whole thing so one day I was learning how to throw hand grenades and our our sergeant

to explain to us how to throw hand grenade had scars on one side of his face big scars on his neck and we asked him why and he said well one day a little bit the meat boy came up to him and the meat the boy says candy candy you want candy and the GI says not not get away from me I don't want candy well the little boy showed what was in his hand it was a hand grenade it was not candy at all and the little boy threw the hand grenade at the sergeant well the sergeant immediately saw

what the danger was and he hit the ground as soon as he could flatten on the ground the grenade exploded and one half of his body got saturated with shrapnel and then he had to ask yourself a

question why would a young boy do something like this is because he believed in something and I

“think there was a real big lesson for me and that is you have to believe in something you have to”

believe in the goodness of men and also the fact that men can do evil and you have to fight for what you think is right and therefore it's not just a question of where number one we're going to win this war I used to sing a song in the morning I want to go to Vietnam I want to kill Charlie Kong I used to sing that every morning at four o'clock in the morning and then I asked myself now why were we on the right side of the wrong side and then at that point you begin to question

what is right and what is wrong and then you realize maybe I'm on the wrong side maybe I'm on the wrong side I mean it goes back to all the conflict happening at the moment because where ideologically captured by whatever our own religious beliefs are and that's causing us to kind of against each other each other and cause so much pain and suffering in the world do you think

“there's any chance that this could at all change or is this just part of the human condition?”

Well if you take a look at the human condition you realize that warfare has been an integral part of our evolution as a species and even in the animal kingdom animals will fight against other animals and so my hope however is that we're different from the animals we have a brain we can make moral decisions animals do not understand the meaning of a moral decision animals is survival is who's stronger who has the food we don't necessarily have to engage in that conflict

and so I would hope that we use the brain that we have to think through and create a better world one of the things I had when I was very young about the universe and I guess this was inspired by some theory within physics was that there are infinite amounts of worlds out there and I had this

“I had someone say if the world is infinite that means that there's someone like me a Stephen Butler”

who has an identical life to me up there somewhere out in the stars who's living a identical life to mine maybe other than instead of in this cup there's lemonade instead of coffee this is what they call is equal to many worlds theory what they think that's theoretically a version of the many worlds theory but most many worlds theory simply says that there's an infinite number of universes and worlds out there none of them is necessarily identical to ours

but independent of us that that is a distinct possibility but if there's infinite numbers that means there's one just like this identical to this not necessarily you can have an infinite number of things that don't repeat so in other words you don't necessarily have to have another civilization that is exactly like ours you could but it's not necessary if you believe in an infinite universe it's true I guess do you think that's plausible that there's an infinite number

what you look at the when you look at the nice guy you're overwhelmed by the majesty of the nice guy and then you realize that we're nothing but a dot a dot on the gigantic disc called the Milky Way galaxy and if this is the Milky Way galaxy then here we are thinking that this is the entire universe this is something with a pinpoint on the Milky Way galaxy and how many galaxies are there we're talking about trillions of galaxies that are out there each one containing roughly

100 billion stars how are we supposed to feel about this I did this some star tour a couple of

months ago in LA where it all it was was a guy took me out to a field not even a field that was the desert in Joshua Tree at night time and he just explained how far away all the stars are

and it's a gazillion miles that way and this one is a galaxy is bigger than Milky Way and it's a

gazillion miles that way it made me feel a lot of things it made me feel one irrelevant from a cosmic perspective it also relieves one's anxiety if anyone's anxious about this life you kind of feel like you're not you don't matter that much but also it can make you feel like it doesn't matter

“like there's no point because I think there's a certain ego to humans where we want to think”

it really really really matters now it might matter to us but doesn't actually matter to the universe that does all lives matter to the universe well I like to think of this slightly differently I think on the other side of the Milky Way galaxy there's an alien who is writing the same

equation that I'm writing down right now in different language in different notations but he's also

discovering string theory and there are a lot of galaxies out there each one with an individual saying gee I think I discovered something new about the universe and these laws are universal the equations that I'm writing down right now are identical in different language with equations that they're writing down billions of layers from us and that gives me a sense of oneness it gives me a sense that wow we're part of a fellowship we're part of a camaraderie we're on the same quest

a quest to understand the nature of matter and energy we're on the same boat even though we're speak different language even though we're a different size of the universe we're all part of the same club do anything it's plausible that we're gonna destroy ourselves before we we have a figure that answer out or before we get to meet these aliens because the technology we've been able to create so far like nuclear weapons and even things like AI you play this forward just on you

“talked about probabilities being the most important thing the probability that one of these ego”

maniacs who has the launch codes for nuclear weapon at some point decides that they're unhappy or they feel threatened is pretty high if you just extend time I mean the probability she goes up theoretically with every year that passes that someone is gonna do make a mistake that wipes us out and the more advanced our science gets presumably I mean again I'm just theorizing the higher the probability that we create something that can destroy ourselves

well I like to look at a study differently I say to myself what is the smallest unit of history and I say it's the decade anything smaller than a decade you get random fluctuations noises accidents taking place on a decade but if you look at human history decade by decade by decade you realize it oh my god just a few decades ago it was horse and buggy before that we just had clouds before that we were barbarians and you begin to realize that we've come a long ways

not that we hit the end but we come in long ways just in the decade by decade analysis of the history of the human race and we've got closer to being able to destroy ourselves that

that's true too because before we couldn't destroy ourselves now for the first time in human history

we have the potential of destroying ourselves with designer germs with nuclear weapons with perhaps artificial intelligence we didn't have that capability before and it's only been

“in the last 80 years or so as a consequence so I think that first of all it means that every decade”

tremendous progress is made it's not that about that but second run a knife stage you tilt it the wrong way and there's world war you tilt it the other way and there's food and luxury for everyone and it's up to us to decide which way the knife will go but my point is decade by decade we see the enormous progress that we humans have made the next question is what about the next future decades that's a big question mark do you think humanity are going to be able to travel

out there amongst the stars and become multi planetary like someone like Elon Musk is planning well I think it's for sure that we're going to go and not just to the moon but tomorrow's and maybe even beyond that maybe night in our lifetime but in our grandchildren's lifetime we may break through and visit other planets within our solar system now to go beyond that we require some sort of warp drive because of the fact that the nearest star is probably orbiting

Alpha Centauri which is four and a half light years away from the planet Earth so you realize you would take hundreds of thousands of years to begin the colonization of the nearby star systems

what would you seek to answer well it's what I'm seeking for my entire life and that is we want that one equation which is the secret of the universe we have the electromagnetic force equation that's like half an inch long we have the equation for gravity that's also about half an inch long so why not the theory of everything maybe an inch long we're not there yet but I think it does exist and if we were to find it that would give us an understanding of the entire universe

and I think we're very close you think we're close I think we're close what makes you think we're close because so far the theories that we do have almost like magic you look at the history of the equations of physics and you realize they get they get simpler and simpler and simpler with time you can write down do this equation back those equations the equation for the nuclear force on one sheet of paper one sheet of paper the force that governs gravity we don't have that

“yet but we have the other forces and the equations are very simple and that's why I think that the”

final equation will also be simple one of the things that sometimes inspires me is that when you look at nature or when you look at something like the human brain you see the same patterns as you see when you look up out the stars and I'm so fascinated by the nature of the human brain

because it seems to be so so powerful and it also seems to have patterns we see in the wider

universe do you ever think about this about the brain and how astonishing it is as a as a thing well when I look at the animals that makes me triply impressed the fact that animals cannot share in that that we see a universe that the animals cannot see we see patterns we see meaning we give rhyme and reason to what we see with animals it says where's my dinner do you think the brain

“is as fascinating as the universe is fascinating I think the universe is more fascinating no matter”

how fast we are with physics and the mathematics of physics pure mathematics is still more more profound you wrote this book called the physics of the future how science will shape human destiny and our day lives by the year 2100 if I was alive in 2100 based on everything you know about physics what am I likely to see experience how is life likely to be different in that future well I think we'll probably be on the moon maybe in tomorrow's and perhaps even dream about

setting the first space probes even beyond that we're talking about being able to use artificial

intelligence to send probes out there of course we're not going to go to the stars that's few hundred years into the future but I think that we will begin to understand the solar system within this century and this also means that we'll have artificial intelligence to cure for cancer and maybe one will hate the other maybe artificial intelligence will help us to cure cancer and many diseases and longevity perhaps will begin the process of solving the immortality crisis

“do you think we will be able to live forever in the near future I think there's a possibility”

that we may have an indefinite lifespan I think that's the possibility and you think it's possible within the laws of I guess physics and biology yes at the end of our chromosomes every self or something called the telomers and the telomers are like a clock they get shorter every time a cell reproduces and when the telomer gets so short it phrase falls apart and you die so we have a time limit we've also discovered telomerase a chemical that stops

the clock this was incredible when it was first announced that if there's a clock in our body

called the telomers that tracks how long we're going to live and there's something called telomerase which stops the clock then can we live forever well that was the good news then the bad news was we found out that most of our shop cancer also uses telomers and telomerase to live forever why does cancer kill you because they are immortal and principle they could dig a live forever and so it means that the secret of immortality is tantalizing close

we do know that they are cells that make immortality possible but as a price to pay the price to pay as you don't want cancers to also follow you so here's the trick of the game we have a whole bunch of top people in the sciences in medicine looking for ways to extend the human lifespan

wrote a book about two years ago and three is going on in 2023 that's when it was published um is this thing here

“that's right what is this this is the future this is a quantum computer it's a computer that”

computes non-ontransistors which is all fashion it computes on atoms think about that the ultimate object beyond the transistors that you can compute with is the atom and how do transistors work transistors can be up or down up or down it's called digital can you demonstrate that on there and this is your other yeah so think of this as a cell and the silicon either be switched on yeah or switched off if you take a computer and open it up what you find switches like this

the called transistors transistors that tell you whether it's on or off now that's digital this is the revolution of today this is the revolution of tomorrow not just up or down of in between how many states are there between zero and one in principle an infinite number of states between zero and one so this is the basis of a digital computer this is the basis of a quantum computer

quantum computers is so powerful but even the CIA is worried that one day perhaps in the future

there'll be so powerful they'll be able to break into any known digital code so even the CIA is worried about the fact that these could become so powerful that they'll allow you to break into any known computer so these are called quantum computers why are they powerful because they compute not on transistors they compete on atoms and you can't get much smaller than an atom and have stable

“matter but that's why quantum computers can do and they exist this is not science fiction they already”

exists so just to simplify this in a way that I can understand it normal computers are very simple like this switch they they kind of exist in a linear direction up or down on or off kind of binary yes or no where is a quantum computer is more like this where it can it can process information

in so many different directions at the same time so that it's going to be way more powerful way more

apart of way faster and I was looking recently in Google um did an announcement actually this year where they basically set a deadline for the cybersecurity world and they started to warn governments and banks and other tech giants that because they have a quantum computer now that is very very powerful they're worried that it'll be able to crack a lot of the digital world that we all rely on including banks even Bitcoin which was quite interesting and they've set 2029 as the

deadline for everybody to get their shit together this is a massive threat to things like Bitcoin which is a Bitcoin is essentially secured by a equation that they believe quantum computers are going to be able to very easily crack and if they do that then everyone's Bitcoin for example is um is actually but beyond Bitcoin what does the world look like in a world where we have these

incredible computers well first of all who's doing this work and it turns out the CIA

is following this work very carefully because with this you'll be able to crack any code why use it that a thief cannot steal your bank account today is because that thief does not have your digital code if a thief has your digital code there goes your life savings at the window capitalism would vanish society would wake up to a halt there'd be civil war it'd be all

“sorts of chaos taking place but codes are there not to be broken to break a code you have to have”

another code and so the CIA and other organizations create these very complicated codes that you have to master quantum computers can do it but we're not there yet but it's coming I don't know when some people say in a few decades some people say sooner I don't know I just know that the world is gambling and that will find a way to stop quantum computers from breaking into digital computers you've been working on physics for the last what set

we said 71 years as a kid I was reading about how you started making your own atom smasher I guess you'd call it a particle collider machine that's right when I was in high school that's a very strange thing for a high school kid to be doing well I was fascinated by the work of

antimatter is the opposite of matter when I combine matter an antimatter I get a bomb

“so you have to be very careful that you don't marry matter with antimatter and antimatter will”

behave the opposite of ordinary matter if ordinary matter goes clockwise in magnetic field antimatter goes counterclockwise in that same magnetic field and so as a science project I wanted to photograph the tracks of antimatter so I got hundreds of miles of copper wire built a cloud chamber and I was able to prove that I could photograph the tracks of antimatter and for that I went grand prize at the San Francisco Science Fair and that began my my career

just before I graduated from high school I decided to top that by creating an atom smasher

at 2.3 million electron volt beta electron particle accelerator it consumes 6 kWh of power

everything that my mother's house had it would absorb and that was the goal to build a machine that would create my own beam of antimatter so I got started very early and I said to myself

“this is for me this is what I want to do for a living every time I've tried to improve”

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these tests about by doctors and thousands of hours of research it's 365 dollars for a yearly membership got a function health dot com slash d o a c and use the code d o a c 25 for 25 dollars off your membership I've done almost 700 interviews with some of the most interesting people in the world and one of the things you learn which is unexpected is that vulnerability is the doorway to connection and after sitting here for two three hours with a guest I feel a deep sense of connection

to them and as they leave what I get them to do is to write a question in the diary of a CEO we've taken all of the questions from the director of a CEO we have put the question here on this card with the name of the person that wrote it so you can sit at home as I do with my fiance and my colleagues at work and other people in my life whenever we get a minute we play the director of a

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is there anything you discover through your work in physics that changed your day to day behavior and life how you treat people how you show up what you think matters no but the one thing that did change my attitude toward life other people was being in the army yeah that was a game changer that changed everything I knew are which I thought I knew before then I was single mindedly focused on physics just physics do physics well that was my life but after seeing warfare

up close I began to relay this more to life than warfare I think I lost this impact because last time I spoke to a physicist and he talked to me about how the nature of reality is not what I think it is and that there's multiple against dimensions and that I'm only seeing a fraction of what is real and which I think all physicists agree upon it it sounds a bit like a conspiracy theory or

“something but actually logically it makes a lot of sense to only see what you need to see to survive”

actually what you see your conception of the three-dimensional world is only the tiniest sliver of actually exists and when I heard that it made me open-minded to a lot of the things I thought were conspiracy nonsense it made me open-minded to ghosts maybe ghosts are real well I wouldn't go there far well you know maybe another dimension where there's another there spirits that can

what do you think happens when we die do you think do you think that's it or do you think there are

there's a possibility that there's ghosts and there are spirit or soul ghosts somewhere I don't see it happening because your brain your personality your thoughts are electrical and when you die the electricity turns off there's nothing propelling thinking anymore thinking requires a lot of energy even ghosts

“it goes to this it was still required a lot of energy to keep the thoughts going but that's why”

you know I don't believe in ghosts because I don't see an energy source that propells the ghosts people talk a lot about spirituality they talk about you know things like shackles and a lot of spiritual people talk about vibrations it's a phrase that I often hear in the spiritual

communities do you believe in anything like that in terms of humans having energies and being

able to feel each other's energies well I think that a person emanates a certain aura or a vibe that doesn't necessarily mean they're radiating something is there any physics behind that idea I think it's psychological that you are tuned to into a certain personality a certain way of movement I think it's psychological rather than physical what is what is something you believe that you haven't proven well there's a lot of things that haven't been proven all I can say is

“maybe maybe not like flying saucers I don't say they don't exist or they exist I've say maybe”

I just haven't seen concrete evidence for them that's all so there's a lot of things that

I'm not going to definitely say no I ghosts I don't think there are ghosts but I can't prove it

maybe there is some afterlife of some sort but it does go against what is measurable you've seen no measurement of somebody that's been able to pick up vibrations from a ghost how would you like to be remembered someday long after you'll gone do you care about being remembered you care about legacy well I care about being a good life that I feel comfortable with and if you if your books and your teachings and your lectures if they live on beyond you that's

a bonus it means that you had an impact it means you touched people you touched people's lives your ideas and when I go down the street quite a few people come up to me and they say I saw you on this show I saw you on that show and that gives me a nice feeling of course after I'm gone there's no nothing to feel but when you're still alive it gives you a nice feeling no that you've had an impact knowing that you've changed somebody's life several people have come up to me and said

I became a physicist because of you so that's a nice nice way to view reality that you touch people is there is there anything that you used to think was a conspiracy theory that you now know to be true well I like to debunk so as soon as someone says something out of landish I

“say to myself sure sure but that's what I mean like you you know you're a debunker so it”

stems some stage in your life you must have had the experience of thinking something can't be true and being proven wrong usually when I make predictions they come hard to be true maybe the timeline is a little bit exaggerated but they turn out to be true so I haven't made any predictions or observations that were later shown to be false what predictions are you making now then about the the nature reality in the future well I talk about the nature of string theory in the

future whether or not we really will have a theory everything flying saucers I talk about the fact that even though we have no evidence today you know there's a mountain of these things made declassified now maybe we'll pick up shreds of evidence did you look at the declassified information that Trump released on UFOs yeah I look at the whole the whole batch 160 or so sightings was there anything in there that was compelling to you no just lights dancing in the sky without any commentary

so you don't know what they are but they could be extraterrestrial but you see these things are too dimensional they're taking by a camera which is flat and it's the image they afford to judge distance is very tricky do you believe that you're looking at extraterrestrial life forms when you watch these videos of you open to the idea I don't think there's any smoking gun yet you open to the idea that these are extraterrestrial you see some of them going up and then down and then into the ocean

and coming back up again to when you watch that do you think these are aliens would you just think it's people that have misunderstood what they're looking at I leave open the probability that it could be one or the other there's no aha moment where I say that it's nothing but reflection is nothing but an optical illusion there's no aha moment if you had to bet everything you

at some point in some form or not which side would you place everything you love and care about on yes aliens have made contact with us at some form or no well I would have to say I don't know if you have a bit if you had us it's a carpard you know as if everything on the was on the line one would have to move yet to yes or no and I would personally I would personally probably say probably know if you made me bad everything I'd say maybe yes you'd say yes but no no no no

maybe yes very important the word maybe I'm a semi scientist and somebody's gonna use that against me right then you said on television that this and this is true no I said maybe that doesn't mean it actually is true it just means I open the possibility that is true but if you were held at gunpoint doctor and at gunpoint they said right you've got to say yes so no and if you're right wrong that determines your fate I would have to say maybe

I know what you're getting at you want to like you know corner the fox right yeah oh it's some degree yeah I'm trying to corner the fox but I'm doing it to understand where your intuition or your your bias lands because I see there's not enough conclusive evidence there's no

“a harm moment I just see a lot of babies a lot of babies hmm yeah I think I mean I think that's”

probably the intellectually honest answer is maybe but if I was forced to follow one side of the fence I'd probably say no because I don't have enough conviction to say yes I see the evidence to say yes other than you know some sightings of some things but I'm open minded maybe it'll change um doctor we have a close introduction on this podcast where the last guest leaves a question for the next guest not knowing who they're leaving it for and the question left for you in my diary

is what is the best strategy to deal with failure I think the best strategy to deal with failure

is try it again I think on the first try you're bound to make mistakes because it's a learning curve

and that learning curve is is instructive it teaches you it teaches you to try it again but make a slight change make a slight change and hope that change in the right direction if not make another change and see where that puts you in the right direction if you could go back to when you were that seven year old kid that was just getting into physics in your eight year old and give him any advice

“that would best serve him for the next seven to years what advice would you have given him?”

I'd say carry on I've made a lot of decisions that I feel good about decisions that made me a better person for example when I went into the army at that point I thought what could be worse than facing death of the battlefield to die in some unnamed hill in some unnamed land and then I began to realize well yeah that's a possibility but there's another possibility that you may survive that you may learn from that experience if you're not here to learn okay so I'll be

it but if you are here to learn you gain wisdom by being in the military and that I think is a positive thing. We're talking about UFOs and alien life at the start of this conversation and one of the questions that's adjacent to it is if alien life were to come here at some point do you think they would have empathy for us would you think that's potentially a human trait do you think they in the cause of the movies they attack us? Well if I were to shoot in the dark I'd say

first of all they robotic they're not organic at all really because they exhibit maneuvers that

would crush the bones of any any living creatures that we know of. These finds also can zigzag they can die from 70,000 feet all the way down they can dive underwater these require skills and tensions and vibrations that would crack any known US device in half and there they are executing

“these things either they're fake or they're actual's restroom so I think that they have a”

technology that we can only dream of. Swim we're looking at these UAP images and videos if they are to be real then you're saying there's no life in them at all and it's actually just machine intelligence. That's right in fact that's probably one reason why they don't come out

in greedists like in the movies and the movies they always come out and say hello earth man

no I personally think they're robotic. This question of empathy. Do you pause it that they might be empathetic? Do you pause it they would want to destroy us? I mean what would will

years ago. You realize that if you go back even the Bible makes reference to a UFO if you take a

look at a Z-heal. Z-heal saw the wheel in the sky and some people say that was no wheel that was a UFO so who knows for sure but if the aliens really wanted to destroy us they could have done it years ago they don't have to wait but if you go to Brazil even if the zoo is lifelike to the point where the animals themselves don't even know they're in a zoo is peaceful that you can observe them without necessarily revealing your presence and in that sense it could be like living in a zoo

not that they want to gawk at us and laugh at us but just observe us. So you think that they will be

“they won't want to destroy us which is comforting to hear. I think if they had the jazz to”

destroy us and they wanted to they could have done it decades ago but here we are. It's an interesting

idea and when you talked about this extraterrestrial life potentially being robotic it does might kind of make sense to me because we're on a course to create humanoid robots and robots that can I was actually watching this morning there's a video that one of these humanoid robot companies are streaming and it's their streaming a humanoid robot working on a production line for four hours straight so everybody can watch and all it's doing is sorting packages out but it's

been going for four days straight and if you play this forward you go this robot can go walk across the office and it can charge itself back up once it runs out of battery and then they show it going

“back to work again. When I say play for what I mean imagine this technology continues to improve”

the trajectory it's on the battery technology gets better the intelligence gets better and then theoretically this robot will be able to build a spaceship theoretically and travel into the universe theoretically at some point if you imagine any rate of improvement so it's theoretical that a human's might not be able to survive the crushing forces of that speed but a robot could. My personal attitude is that we should eventually merge with them. Much with the robots. That's right that's my personal feeling

because people talk about whether they're good, whether they're bad or so forth. Well the bottom

line is they're going to become more powerful and not now but who knows maybe in the next century

they'll begin to make reasonable choices they'll reason they'll plot future histories and at that point it could be potentially dangerous so what do we do either we become super powerful and meet the challenge or we merge with them. When you say much with them what do you mean? Become like that become part robotic or self become super human. As in when we're born as kids maybe we have an implant and it makes those times as durable. Yeah in other words we are still looking the same

except we have super human abilities and our brain is connected either directly or by remote control to a central nervous system that does the calculations and perform these calculations much better there we can and maybe become super human. This is the video I'm talking about this is actually a live video so this is live as we're watching. What they've got is they've got a human being here who's sorting the packages and they've got the humanoid robot here and they're just counting

how many packages each of them can sort and this robot has been doing this for four days straight. Yeah. Anyway you play this forward and they'd ask a big question about the future of humanity

“when there's humanoid robots. Well I think menial jobs will go out the window like this”

jobs that are repetitive jobs that just require your arms and legs those jobs will be gradually face down and new jobs will open up. New jobs that require thinking human relations, organizing, directing other people. Robas can't do any of that stuff. Robas simply do with their tolls to do, repeatedly. Okay. We make decisions. We know how to interface with other things. We plot. We plan. Robas can't do that. Now that is mean they can't eventually. But it just

means that the next step beyond this will be robots that can do a little bit of mental work and it means that we have to retrain the workforce so that they can become masters of the robots. In other words, we are masters of tools, hammers, saws, whatever. We're the master of them. They're not the master of us. Okay. We tell the hammer, the chisel, what to do because we blowered over them. Have you used AI agents before? I used AI before but not as a

Israeli, which age are you talking about? So I've got like on my phone. I can say I need a new

prices or look at everything. Yeah, well I can just type on the computer screen and a question.

“Yeah, and the computer will come up with an answer. But you were talking about planning there.”

So I was saying that the agent basically makes a plan and then it spends a couple of

it could spend an hour executing that plan. Oh, you mean not just coming up with the plan, but actually actually you can do both. I'm just saying you were talking about how humans have this, you know, this ability to make decisions. I'm saying that the AI agent is making

“decisions like a human would. No, you tell what to do. The computer is probably programmed”

to look for a reference. If I can exactly be the handbook, the internet. In the words, if you

see, I want to know the best car. It'll carry that out by looking at the internet going through different cars. It doesn't need you to tell that. But if you were to ask something more complicated, go to the supermarket and buy these amigs. No robot can do that. Have you been to LA? Because if you're in LA, there's all these robots just strolling around the streets delivering food. They

“deliver food in LA. Oh yeah, but that's just crawling on a sidewalk. That's what that's what humans”

do. I thought you had driving a car, driving a car and going up the stairs and whatever. That's just going on a sidewalk. But it's what human does. Yeah, my human can do a lot more. Thank you so much Dr. I appreciate your time today and I've learnt so much about

all of these fascinating things and as always when I listen to your content, I find myself more

curious about the nature of reality and I've realized how little we know which makes me and I guess thousands of other people that have followed you work. I was going through your videos early running so many of the top comments are people saying that you're the reason they worked harder in their physics classes. All right. Yeah, I was on a couple of the podcasts that you've been on and so many of the top comments say exactly that. They say you're the reason I worked harder.

You're the person that made me more curious and I just think that's such a wonderful thing because as you said at the start, physics is the basis of everything. Yeah. And the more we understand the better the life we could live. Right? Yeah. You can hope. Great. Thank you so much. Okay, well thank you. [Music]