Gretchen Rubin: The Hidden Patterns Controlling Your Life and Habits | Human Behavior | E399

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Human nature is very resistant to change, so by the time you've thought that perhaps

“you should make a change, you probably should have made that change six months ago.”

Gretchen Ruben is a bestselling author and happiness expert who has made it her mission to crack the code on habits, happiness, and what it means to live well. I think people acknowledge that it's true, but they wish it were not true, which is something that can be done at any time is often done at no time. You think we can get together at any time, or I can switch careers at any time.

Start working on that novel at any point. There's nothing stopping me. Yeah, nothing stopping you, but nothing starting you. People accept themselves to a fault where they just end up using it as an excuse. How can they change that behavior?

Well, I think the first thing to do is, people will come up to me and they'd be like,

"What do I need to do if I'm going to be happy?" And I would say, "Well, it really depends on you." Because each of us is very different from each other. To be happier, do things that are going to deepen your relationships or strengths and relationships. One of the biggest reasons for people's unhappiness, especially in 2026, is loneliness.

Tell us how we should really think about our relationships. Well, that is a really good question. Okay, so... Yeah, Pam, today we're welcoming back Gretchen Ruben for her third appearance on Young and Profiting. Gretchen is today's most influential voice on happiness, habits, and human nature. She's a best-selling author with millions of copies sold, and her latest book is called "Secrets of Adulthood."

Today's episode is "The greatest hits of Gretchen Ruben through the lens of Secrets of Adulthood." And here's the truth that this episode keeps coming back to. Most of us are drifting through parts of our lives without fully realizing it. We fall into careers, habits, and even our biggest life decisions. Without stopping to ask what's actually true for us.

Gretchen's secrets of adulthood aren't just clever one-liners. They're hard-won-truth about what it really takes to know yourself and build a life around that knowledge. So, today we're asking, what does it actually take to live with intention,

“feel fulfilled, and stop leaving your happiness to chance?”

Gretchen, welcome back to Young and Profiting Podcast. Hello, I'm glad to be back with you.

Yes, so you are coming back on yet for the third time. You came on in 2018 when I had just started my podcast,

and it was so long ago, it was an audio only episode, and then you came back on in 2022. We talked about New Year's resolutions. We talked about your four tendencies and some of your newer stuff. And today, I'm looking to speak with you again, and you've got a couple new books since we last talked, newish books, and I really want to focus on your latest book, which is called The Secrets of

Adulthood. So, my first question to you, Gretchen, I'm going to just get right into it. What is one secret? Something that people really push back on that people just don't want to accept to be true from your secrets of adulthood book? Well, I think people acknowledge that it's true, but they wish that we're not true, which is something that can be done at any time is often done at no time,

which is, you think, well, we can get together at any time, or I can switch careers any time, or I can start working on that novel at any point. There's nothing stopping me, and it's like,

“yeah, nothing stopping you, but nothing starting you. And so, just, I think that's something”

that people wish we're not true, but turns out is true. I think that's true. I can, if I think back through my own life, I feel like that's happened so many times today. So, why did you decide to write the secrets of adulthood? Why did it feel like the right container for you? Well, you two are a couple of things that came together. One is my daughters were getting ready to go off into the world. Actually, my next book is going to be

about the empty nest as a forest reckoning of adulthood. And so, I'm thinking about what were some of the secrets of adulthood that I had learned, you know, mostly the hard way through time and experience that I would want to tell my daughters, but then I realized, like, I need to remind

in my writing, I often would strive to sort of have to write what's called an aferism. And this is a short statement where you sort of sum up a big truth about human nature. And, you know, in many of these, we're very familiar with, and if an aferism, it becomes a proverb, if it's just something that isn't really attached to a particular writer anymore, it's just sort of floated loose in the world. Like, one of my favorite proverbs is, when the student is ready, the teacher appears.

So, that's a proverb. Or maybe that's like a zen saying, actually, that may be from a Buddhist

teaching. But I'd always been trying to write this way. It was sort of like have a big idea and then

really challenge myself to see if I could sum it up in a few words and really, you know, something punchy and memorable and yet contained a big idea in it in a few words. Because sometimes, you know, it's like, blah, blah, blah, blah, blah, blah, blah, blah, but if you can really wrap it into one sentence, it has a lot more power in the mind. So, I wanted to, like, memorialize these secrets of adulthood that I had learned so that I could pass them on. And then, as a writer, I really enjoyed

this challenge of writing very short. Yeah. Why is it that these like that one line is so much more powerful than like having something more descriptive or longer? Yeah, you know, that's such a great question. And I think part of it, part of it is just the fluency heuristic, which is that anything that's

“easier to remember tends to have more power and persuasive affected our minds. Like, that's why”

things rhyme. They seem, they're more catchy and they're more memorable. If it bleeds, it leads,

it feels more true because it rhymes, you know, you get what you get and you don't get upset. And it helps us remember them because part of the thing about like, why sings is, you know, forget to remember. You're like, oh, I heard this why it's saying, but it's not, it used to. If it doesn't pop in your head at the right moment. And I also think there is kind of the dissatisfaction that we feel when we see that somebody has summed up a big idea in a masterful way.

I mean, I have a part of my love of, of the Afrism's, as I have a giant collection of hundreds, probably thousands of other people's Afrism's that I collect. And there's just a very great pleasure in reading the true test of a vocation is the love of the drudgery involved. You know, I don't even remember who's set it. But because it says something very eloquent that it

“am very short, because you could go on and on, I could have a whole chapter on that idea, right?”

Yeah. But I like, I like, and then some of them are funny, too. Like, Yogi Barra is famous for,

for his basically Afrisms that are that are just so funny. Like, be careful if you don't know

where you're going, because you might not get there. Or that restaurant is so popular, nobody goes there anymore. Everybody knows that. I find myself saying that often. Oh, this is so popular. Nobody wants to come here anymore. It's like, it's a paradox. It's, but it, and it's sort of an, and it's amusing. And it's also a deep truth about human nature. And to your point, it's just so easy, so much easier to remember and then actually execute an

implement. So you are saying that you originally wanted to, you know, write all of these down so that you could teach them to your daughters as they were going away and starting adulthood themselves. And you found yourself thinking, well, this is actually really relevant for me. I need to learn some of these things. What was like one secret that you were like, man, like, this is actually for adults. This is actually for me and other people, my age and all ages.

“Well, I think if I had to pick one that's like, I think is the most important secret that I've learned”

and that like the one, if I could tell, tell everybody, it's, it's the secret we want to accept ourselves and also expect more from ourselves. Because on the one hand, we want to show ourselves compassion. We want to recognize like the actual limits of our nature because all of us have things that we are and also things that we are not. And that's what we bring into the world. And then we also want to push ourselves. We want to challenge ourselves. We want to go outside our

comfort zone. And the trick is only you know where that line is for you. And only I know where that line is for me. But I want to accept myself and I also expect more from myself. And I think sometimes people kind of fall too far on one side or the other. They're either too accepting and they're kind of, they might let themselves off the hook a little bit more, a little more than they ought to or they're constantly trying to change themselves or push themselves in directions that

aren't natural to them. And you know, to certain point, another afferous thing that I love is John F. Kennedy, people do best what comes naturally. And people do do best what comes naturally. And so in the one hand you want to, you want to, well, what is natural to me and then go beyond that

about this, but you could just say accept yourself and also expect more from yourself and that kind of encapsulates it. Yeah. And so what about for the people that to your point, they let themselves off the hook, they accept themselves to a fault where they just end up using it

as an excuse. How can they change that behavior? Well, I think the first thing to do is to recognize

it and is to say like, well, why, why is this not working for me? Why is this not could be me the life that I want? And this ties back into my, my book about habit change better than before because this is very related to loopholes. So in better than before, I take about about 21 strategies that we can use to make a breaker habits. And 21 sounds like a lot, but you need a lot because some work really well for some people, but they don't work for other

people. So you want to know, you're able to pick and choose. But one of them that is probably affects all of us is the strategy of loophole spotting. And this is looking for the loopholes that you invoke to let yourself off the hook. And we all do that. There's 10 categories of loopholes

“and we're like little lawyers for ourselves explaining why you should, yeah, why should I not have”

to exercise today? It's raining. I'm sick. I ran yesterday. I've been so good. I deserve some

time off. Life is too short to exercise on a beautiful day when I should be hanging out with my friends. And so part of it, I think, is recognizing when you're finding a loophole and letting yourself off the hook, even when you know that you would be happier, healthier, more productive, more creative, overall, if you didn't let yourself off the hook. And my favorite loophole is false choice. And that's, I'm so busy writing. I don't have time to make a dentist appointment.

That's a false choice. I do have time to write and to make a dentist appointment. And even to go to the dentist. So that's, that's one of the, so I think that's a thing that we all want to be very aware of is how are we letting ourselves off the hook when actually we should be holding ourselves to whatever it is that we, we want to ask of ourselves. I love that. So another episode, if we give more to ourselves, we can ask more from ourselves. So this is the idea that you want to give

yourself healthy treats. You want to give yourself comfort. You want to feel like you're taking care of when you need a little jolt of energy, which a lot of times we do, you want to have have healthy things that you can reach for to give yourself that jolt of energy, because you don't want to like do something to make yourself feel better. They just end up making you feel worse. But when you give more to yourself, you can ask more from yourself. And so actually, and research

shows this, that people who get a little treat, like a little surprise gift, or they watch a funny video, actually their self-control rises. So they have more self-discipline because they've gotten some kind of like little boost. So we can use this in our everyday life. I love that. I love that. So talk to us about some of the popular sayings or aphorisms that didn't make the books that you were like, you know what? This is not a secret to adulthood at all. Well, it's funny that you

say that because when I was working on secrets of adulthood, and like, and I wrote hundreds and hundreds and hundreds of these, I noticed that there were three categories. So one category was the kind that made it into the books, secrets of adulthood. And these were like useful secrets of adulthood that you could use to make your life better in some way. And things that I had used to make my life better. Then there were ones that I would say are just mere observations. Like, the tulip is an empty flower.

“I absolutely believe that. I think the tulip is an empty flower. I think that's kind of an”

interesting observation. But that's just an observation. Like, there's something to do with that. Other than like, well, okay. And then like, discuss. But then there were also my dark aphorisms. And these were sort of the bleaker secrets of adulthood. And what was funny is when I was on my book tour, and I was talking about it a couple times it came up that I had all these bleaker secrets of adulthood. In every single time somebody raised their hand, it was like, I want to know

your dark secrets of adulthood. It's like, nobody wants Gretchen room in the happiness expert to be talking about the dark secrets of adulthood. But so yeah, so there were many that did not make it in. So let me think of like some that, you know, how do we judge those who courageously overcome obstacles that they've put in their own way? That's just sort of like, oh, that's kind of a downer. So you actually started out as a lawyer. And you had an awesome like you studied it.

“Yeah, I believe you were like working for a Supreme Judge and really like just on an amazing”

track. And in our first interview together, we talked about this concept drift that I never

forgot to be honest. I brought it up to like probably every year since we talked like on other

even to this day. A lot of people are just like drifting into their career. So let's start there.

“Talk to us about how you ended up drifting into a law career and what actually snapped you out of it.”

So drift is the decision that we make by not deciding or by making decisions where we don't really take responsibility for the consequences. So often we drift because we don't know what else to do. We're just going along with what other people expect from us. Maybe we don't want to have a conflict with somebody. Maybe we have an idea of ourselves and this fits that idea and so we just go ahead and do it without even really reflecting on it. And so it's like you get married because

all your friends are getting married. You go to medical school because both your parents are doctors. You go to medical school because your parents really want you to go to medical school and they're putting a lot of pressure on you to go to medical school. You don't know what else to do with yourselves. You're like okay fine I'll just go to medical school because like who wants to get into it. And it's funny that I say medical school because you might think well nobody would drift in a

medical school because it's so hard. It's like oh yes I've spoken to many many medical students and many people the fact that you are drifting does not mean that it's easy. Drift is kind of overtones of like laziness or easiness. Often when people are drifting it is hard. So it's very it can be extremely laborious to be drifting. So I drifted into law school. So my father was a lawyer who was very happy lawyer. So I had a good model in my life of somebody who was really

enjoyed being a lawyer. But he put zero pressure on me to be a lawyer. He didn't I mean it never

argued for that at all. But I was like oh you know I'm graduating from college. I don't know what to do. I'm good at research and writing. It's a great education. I can always change my mind later. It'll help me keep my options open. So I just did it and it was hard. I mean from studying for the LSAT to clerking on the Supreme Court for standard Aoconor to taking the bar exam. It was hard. But I just drifted into it because I didn't know what else to do. And the funny

thing about drift, this is part of why it's so tricky, is sometimes you're glad that you did it. I had an amazing experience in law school. I'm glad that I went. But looking back on it I did not go intentionally. It started to link to me how little actual reflection I gave it, especially given how much time energy and money was involved. Sometimes it works out. And so that can be confusing because some people who drift into things are perfectly happy. But don't count on it because we're

not making intentional decisions. And so we really are not making a mindful choice. And I know I've heard you say before that you heard other lawyers like really light up when they

“talked about being a lawyer. And for you you just didn't feel the same right?”

No that was a huge clue. Like if you're wondering like am I drifting that's one of it is so here it was. I was Clark and the Supreme Court. So I was with all these like really high powered young lawyers. And I mean, they wanted to talk about it during lunch. They wanted to talk about it over drinks. They were reading logical articles on the weekend. And I, you know, the thing is I was doing my job very well. You know, but I didn't spend one extra minute on it

than I had to. And I could just look around and I could see these people are I can never match

their enthusiasm with my kind of earnest productivity. Like they just love it. And I think about that now is a writer. Like I just love it. I will, I will edit something forever. I will, I will just, I have limitless patience for that. I just at some point they rip it out of your hands because they have to take it to a printer. But, but I, but I, but I, I never get enough of that. And, and that's, and just that enthusiasm was a sign that, you know, these people were,

were feeling something for it that I didn't. And that's not, there was nothing wrong with me. It was just that I was in the wrong place for me over the long term. Yapping as Yapping has grown. We've gotten more and more applicants for every role, which sounds

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There's a lot of people out there that, you know, similar to you, drifted with medical degree, lot of degree, they've maybe drifted through a lot of their career and they probably feel like there's a lot of costs associated with leaving whatever they're doing and they're really worried about leaving. So, tell us a secret to adulthood having to do with sunk costs. It's a big issue and of course like the longer you stay in a path, the harder it gets to go and I remember when I was when I was

switching from a lot of writing there was a moment where I thought I'd better do this now because if I take another made for a lot of job, I probably won't be able to step away. I'll just feel too

“committed to it. But at some point, at some point, if you want to make a switch, do you just have”

to say, well, I've gained something from this experience, which certainly we gained from every experience we go through, even if we gain knowledge on the negative, that's still useful information. And I know I want to think about what I would mind fully choose. Because, yeah, the sunk cost values, it's throwing good money after bad. And a lot of times people feel like people who are very young, they're like, I remember my daughter when she was 23,

was like, oh, but I've gone so far down this path. I've invested so much in this path. It was like,

I took the bar exam, I have all these credentials, I was editor in chief of the Law Journal, how could I possibly give it up? And I did. And it's like now that's so far in the

“past, a lot of people don't even know that I have this whole law side of my past. So life is”

long, and you know, and I don't want to sound like I'm just hand waving, because obviously it's a huge amount of time energy and money to make these switches. And not everybody can take a risk at all times. But often if we stop and and think like, well, is there a way that I could do this? Yeah, it does kind of remind me of the first aphorism that you had mentioned about

it was something about like never something that could be done at any time has often done it no

time. Sometimes you got to just make a change or just going to keep going down the same path. Yes, well, and then and I have an aphorism for that, which is like, we resist change. And so by the time you thought that perhaps you should make a change, you probably should have made that change six months ago. Like we don't walk around thinking like maybe I should switch careers or maybe I should quit my job because that's like human nature is very resistant to change. So once you start at thinking like,

you know what, I don't think I'm so happy here. Like, well, yeah, this is not great. You know, it's probably like, okay, that's a big sign because we are resistant to change typically. And I know one of the things that your personal commandment around this season was to be Gretchen. And then you kept telling yourself, be Gretchen. What did that mean? And what did that require of you in that season? Well, yeah, and everybody should feel free to substitute their own

names. But it's this idea that like in the end, it's it's again like accept yourself and also expect more from yourself. It's also the idea that no tool fits every hand. Because I think sometimes we think like, well, everybody can use it to do list. Everybody should be able to put things on the calendar and follow through with it. Everybody should be able to get up early and get something important done. And if I can't do that, something's wrong with me. But in fact, no tool fits every

hand. The most important thing is to know ourselves. It sounds like what could be easier than to

know yourself. You just hang out with yourself all day long. But it's actually one of the great challenges of our lives. It's very hard to know ourselves. That's another secret of adulthood is,

“you know, we have the only way we can build a happy life is on the foundation of our own interests,”

our own nature, our own temperament, our own values. And yet, it's very hard to know ourselves. And so thinking through what is true for you and not being blinded by what you wish for true or what other people tell you is true or what you think should be true. Like, I didn't realize until quite recently that I don't like games, right? Because the essence of a game is that it's fun. And it just took me a really long time to realize like, I actually don't like games. The only game I

like as you know, that's the only game I like. And so you can say, oh, pick a ball, Majon, poker, like, give it, I don't like games. And I know that's one of your secrets of adulthood, too, which is basically like, you don't have to like everything everybody else likes. Yes, yeah, just because something is fun for somebody else doesn't make it fun for you and vice versa. So this goes to be Gretchen, which is what is true for me. Like once I know what's true

for me, then I can build my life. And you know, with those in mind, rather than trying to jam myself into somebody else's idea of what a life should look like. So you are one of the top happiness experts in the world. And you basically say that there's no one size fits all for happiness. You say, no tool fits every hand. And you also describe it like it's also like how like there's no best way to cook an egg. Everybody likes their eggs differently. So everybody's recipe to

happiness is going to be different. Talk to us about that. The reason that I came up with a phrase about the egg is because people will come up to me and they'd be like, okay, what's the secret to have? Like, what do I need to do if I'm going to be happy? And I would say, well, really depends on you. Like, what are you struggling with? What are you care about? I actually made a quiz now on my website, grinchroom.com, which is like, it will tell you what happened, what happened. We'll do

the most for your happiness. You particularly, like, you, Hala, like, what should you do? And in very few questions, it will tell you this because people ask you this question all the time. But if

“I can't make somebody take the quiz and they're just asking me in real life, like, what should I do?”

I say to them, well, you know, I just, like, I don't know because like, maybe your thing is you don't get enough sleep or maybe your thing is you don't see friends or maybe your thing is you don't you feel like a purpose. Like, there's so many things that could be going on. I'd have to sit down and have a really long conversation with you. And the people would be like, okay, yeah, I get it. But like, what's, what's the one thing I need to do? I just couldn't communicate to them. And so now

that's why I started saying to them, well, what is the best way to cook an egg? And they would always

some people would say, like, I don't even like eggs. And I'm like, right, we can't. There's no one right way to make an egg cooking egg. And there's no one right way to become happier because each of us is very different from each other. Now, there are certain things that are pretty universal, like relationships. So one of my secrets of adulthood is if you're to be happy or if you're trying to decide how to spend your precious time energy or money, do things that are

going to deepen your relationships or strengths and relationships, because that's always going to make you

happier. But that's very, very broad. It's a good compass, though. It's a good compass, because sometimes you've got extra cash. And it's just a good rule of thumb. Like, hey, if I've got time extra time or money, I'm going to actually spend it on my relationships and prioritize that. So it's a great

“compass, I think. No, and I use that all the time. Or like, should I go to my college reunion? Like,”

it's a lot of, it's money. It's a lot of hassle. It's, you know, but I'm like, is it going to go to my relationship? Is it going to deepen a broad relationship? Yes. Or like, oh, should I send somebody a housewarming gift? Yes, because that's a gesture of friendship. And that makes people feel closer to each other. Yeah, it is a good compass. So you mentioned in your book that you hate gratitude journals. And they really frustrated you, which is just so funny because you'd think somebody like you

who loves to write, who talks about happiness. Everybody says to have a gratitude journal. So what's your gripe on those? I just found it very forced and affected. And it just annoyed me. It didn't give me gratitude. Now, I don't deny the gratitude just an incredibly important part of a happy life. But that particular tool didn't work for me. Another thing that doesn't work for me is meditation. I have given it a couple of really solid tries. It's just, okay,

see, there's a whole group of us who do not find meditation to be helpful. Now, what I do is gratitude instead is, so in my, I live in New York City, I live in a building where there's

“two door, when you go out, you have to go out two doors, kind of, there's sort of a vestibule.”

And when you come in, you have to, you have to go in through one door and then come in through

a second door. So I sort of use that little thing as a reminder to feel grateful. So I always

think, oh, I'm feel so lucky. I'm here in New York City, a city that I just, I just am so grateful that I lived, I get to live in New York City. I love it so much. And here I am going out into New York City. And then when I come home, I think, oh, I'm so happy to be coming home to my cozy apartment, like here, I'm so happy to be coming home. I love, I'm kind of a home buddy. I love being home. And so I use the passing between these two doors as a gratitude prompt. And that's probably

very much the same thing as using a crowded two-journal for somebody else. But it's what works for me. So since you brought up New York, I know that one of the things that you're grateful for is the fact that you can see, I know that you had a scare at one point, right, with your, your retinas. I believe it was. You had a scare. And that really kind of sent you on a past to be more grateful for your census. And I also learned that one of the things that you do is you visit the

Met quite often to kind of be gay. It's really used to do it every day. So talk to us about how your senses are so important to your happiness and like what we need to understand about that. I know you wrote a whole book about it. And some of the ways that that you really indulge in your senses. Yeah, I wrote life in five senses because I'm one of these people. I just walk around in a fog. Like, I'm not paying particular attention. I don't notice anything. I was treating my

body kind of like the car that my brain was driving around town. And as you said, I had this brush with like thinking about losing my sight. And it got me just so focused on my five senses. And and how much I would regret losing any of them. Of course, I would have a full-rich life if I lost what are more of my senses. But I just didn't want to keep taking them for granted.

“So I wrote life in five senses because for me, research is me search and the only way I could”

learn something is by writing about it. And oh my gosh, it was such a joy to write life in five senses. Because I just went deep into all the senses. And the thing, the thing that's really interesting about the senses that I didn't know until I wrote this book is for just about anything that you're trying to achieve to make your life happier, healthier, more productive, or more creative, you can use your five senses to get there. Even if the things are opposite from each other.

So let's say you want to be more creative and think outside the box, you can use your five senses. Let's say you need to sit down and do your drug work and just produce. You can use your five senses for that. You can use your five senses to connect with the past. But you can also use your five senses to connect with the present. You can use your five senses to like feel more like more

of the joy of solitude. But it also is an amazing way to connect with other people. So it's like

feeling stressed out and you need some calm and serenity, you can harness your five senses for that.

“But if you're feeling like low energy and you need to like pump it up and energize yourself”

and like give yourself a jolt, you can use your five senses for that. So whatever it is that you need to achieve, say to yourself, how might I use my five senses to help me achieve the same for myself. And the thing is we know our five senses. And so people will often like in just a few minutes generate a lot of creative ideas about how to use their five senses for like to stay calm. Let's say to stay serene or to feel focused or whatever it might be. And the thing that I find

over and over is that people really look forward to that. Like there's something very energizing about getting back in touch with our bodies. And so when people start thinking about that,

they tend to like feel really optimistic, really like kind of excited about the prospect of

trying things and experimenting. There's a lot of power that comes to us through our five senses and we like to tap into that. Can you give us some concrete examples of like the way that you use like a specific sense to like for example like stop procrastinating and get something done

“or to relax like what are some of the ways that you recommend we use our five senses?”

Okay, so let's say you wanted to stop procrastinating. So you can use your sense of touch, you can put a weighted blanket in your lap. So it's like it's physically putting you like holding you into place and that makes it easier to sort of like feel settled. You might get into a practice of lighting a candle every time you're like really sitting down to focus.

This is like a thing that kind of will start to signal your brain. Okay, now we're sitting,

now we're focusing and over time like you will start to like fall into that mode. Like when and even the ritual of lighting the candle itself is like okay, now I'm signaling to myself we're moving into focus mode, right? This is what's happening. But you also might go walk around your office and remove things that might be distracting you. So papers are out of place, tabs that are open, you know, you bring down the visual noise. You also might want to bring down

the audio noise, like do you have notifications on or think is there anything like beeping? Is there an annoying, like do you have a squeaky chair? You might, you know, see you want to and then also with a visual noise. It's like, is you do have enough light or too much light? Like if you go like this and you feel relief in your eyes, that means that there's too much light coming into your face. Like some of these things, you know, we just, we just, I talked to somebody who, I mean this

is years after COVID, right? She'd started working from home and she'd still sat in a dining room chair to do it for her whole work day. And I was like, you cannot, that's so uncomfortable. A dining room chair is not meant to be sat in for, you know, eight hours. You've got it invested in a chair. But so it's like really thinking about like, what is my physical experience? What is my visual experience? Like, what am I smelling? What am I, I am, I find and people tell me this isn't

a good idea. But I will, like, bite on a plastic straw. And that helps me, like having something in

“my mouth or like sucking on an ice mint. I love, I like ice breakers. I think that's what they're”

called the ice breakers. They're like sugarless mints and I have one of my mouth and it's like, all these things, it's like, okay, now focus. And so, but you might find it, here's an interesting question, Hala. Okay, about noise. Yeah. If you're really trying to focus, right? Let's say you're doing the hardest kind of intellectual work is for you. Do you want silence, busy hum, like coffee shop, music with no lyrics, music with lyrics or cacophony, like being in a train station? What is the

best in your silence? I like pure silence. Me too, right? But people are really different. And you often see this with like in the office where they're like, oh, research shows that having jazz playing makes people more creative. And it's like, I'm like, I don't care what research shows, but I cannot have music playing when I'm trying to focus, right? People are really different. I know somebody who, for his PhD thesis, like, went to a train station in Boston and just sat there while

the trains were coming in and out because for him kind of loud sounds kind of got him to focus. So again, this goes right back to this idea. It's, it's, it's no yourself. It's not that there's one, because people are like, oh, research shows that it's better to be in a messy office. That does x, y, z. I'm like, maybe, but maybe that's not going to be true for you. What is true for you? So do you want lots of, do you want lots of sound? Very little sound. Do you like lots of stimulation,

like, buzz and profusion and collections and like that make that stimulate you or do you want to bring down the noise? But, and then, but then you want to think about things like comfort, because for most people, it's like having an uncomfortable chair. It's just going to tire you out and make you more, like, want to jump out of your seat, not even because of your work,

and thinking, like, what is my sensory experience of sitting in this chair? And what can I do to help just create an environment where everything is going to support me in whatever it is that I am trying to achieve? So tell us about why you go to the Met everyday. To me, that kind of seems like a grounding experience or like a commute that you're taking every day, why do you go to the Met everyday? Well, first I should say, I'm incredibly lucky,

“because I live within locking this into the Met. So I never forget if I said I'm locked in the Met,”

I'm always like, I am so lucky that I live within locking this into the Met. And I'm a new

work state residence. So I get to go for free, though I did, I did join, you know, to support the Met, some going whole the time. Yeah, I did, I didn't, I could go for free. You know, for me, on different days, it's different things. Sometimes it's just a chance to daydream and let my mind off the leash, you know, I'm just like walking around, looking at stuff, somehow, you know, it's really good, just for creative, like, somehow input, like an unpredictable creative input,

like a good one exhibit, and there'll be a new idea, or I'll see two things, juxtaposed, like recently I had an experience where, like, I love Egyptian art, you know, there's so many hieroglyphics. And I, I'm a real rule follower in my four tendencies framework. I'm an upholder,

I'm really into like, but that ever. And in, in Egyptian art, the symbol for this, and in the god,

“is ma'od, which is like this very particular shape that is the shape of ma'od. And if you look”

around Egyptian hieroglyphics, you see it everywhere. And I was like, in it, I was in a taxi going by a gas station. I was like, oh my gosh, it's ma'od, and it was like, it was like a sign. It was exactly in the symbol of ma'od. And I'm like, that's just fun. And if I weren't going to the met every single day, I don't think that I would know that. It's just like, over time, you know, you just learn this, like, most, you know, odd little, little things. And, um, and it's also, you know,

in addition of like looking at beautiful art and like coming out of myself and really being, I'm tied to transcend in values, like art and scholarship and culture. I'm with people from all

over the world who are like all joined together in this common interest. It's, it's a beautiful

space. It's a reverence space. Um, also like, I'm on my feet moving around. That's good for me. I'm going outside, uh, getting the light in my face. Um, unless I go on Friday or Saturday night, because then you can go at night because the met stays open late. I'm Friday since Saturday. That's super fun to go at night. But usually I go during the day, um, just being outside, just getting light in your face. These are also good for me. So there's just so many reasons why this, this is good for me.

But the real reason that I do is just for me, it's like recess. It's like, I just, I need to break in my day. And I'm just like, okay, now I'm going to go. And it's, it's, it's, it's something that I just, I do whatever I feel like. I don't have anything that I need to cross off a list or do unless I decide that I want to. Do you think there's something about routines that make us happier? Because I feel like when I'm in my routine, I'm happiest. Well, that is a really good question. Okay. So

“just generally, about 40% of everyday life is formed by habit. So like a good part of your life is”

going to be formed by habit. How satisfying people find this when this goes to my four tendencies framework. Because I do think that some people really thrive on routine. They embrace routine. Like like me, I would say discipline is my freedom. And I find it incredibly freeing and energizing. I often try to do things every day because I just, I feel like I just like that. It sounds like maybe you're the same way. Other people, like in my framework, often rebels,

don't like that. They don't like a routine. They like to have a lot of spontaneity and novelty. They like might do something where there's a lot of shaking things up. Things that are less expected. Whereas I would almost like have the life of a Benedictine monk if I could. Every single thing at the exact same time every day. I love that. So I really think that people are very different. And again, it's like it's not that one way is the right way in one way is the wrong way. It's

what is the right way for you? And to the extent that you can, how do you make your life reflect your preferences? Because we don't all have total control of our lives as you may have noticed. But there are things that we can do. Like I, for exercise, I do strength training twice a week. It's exactly the same. It's in the same place with the same trainer. I'm doing the same kind of exercises. And I love that. But like I know rebels, those are the people who like to have like

a lot of novelty. They might go to a huge gym where they do a different kind of exercise every single time they go. Or they might, you know, have a pass so they can take classes all over town. So that they're like, today I feel like you'll go. But today I feel like cardio. And today I feel like trying this like bonkers new form of, you know, weight training that I just learned about.

for a particular person. Well, like I said, I wanted today's episode to be like a greatest head. So, of course, we have to go over your four tendencies. You definitely just just teased it. So it's a pulleder questioner, a bliger and rebel. So for anybody who hasn't listened to one of our episodes in the past together, talk to us about each one of these personality types. So the four tendencies is a framework that divides people into four categories. A pulleder's questioners of ledgers and rebels.

“And I will describe these briefly. And most people know what they are right away. If you want to”

take a quiz, you can take the quiz on my site, gretchenrubin.com, like three and a half million people

have taken this quick free quiz. But often you don't even need to take the quiz. You just know from the description. So it has to do with how we respond to expectations. So we all face two kinds of expectations. Outer expectations, like a work deadline, and inner expectations, like your desire to keep an ears resolution. So depending on whether you meet or resist outer and inner expectations, that's what makes you an a pulleder a questioner, a bliger, rebel.

This is like a venn diagram of four interlocking circles. So in a nutshell, a pulleders readily meet outer and inner expectations. They meet the work deadline. They keep the ears resolution without much buzz. They want to know what other people expect from them, but their expectations for themselves are just as important. They can sometimes be rigid because the ones that get an idea in their head, they like to execute on that. They don't need a

lot of supervision or accountability. Their motto is discipline is my freedom. Then there are questioners, questioners, question all expectations. They'll do something if they think it makes sense. So they're looking for rational reasons, justifications. They tend to love to customize. They're focused on efficiency. So they're making everything in inner expectation. If it meets their inner expectation, they will do it no problem. If it fails their

inner expectation, they push back. So their motto is all comply if you convince me why. Then there are obligeers. This is the biggest tendency for both men and women. This is the one that has the most people in it. Obligers readily meet outer expectations, but they struggle to mean inner expectations. So these are the people who say, why is it that I can keep my promises to other people, but I can't keep my promises to myself? The short answer for obligeers is,

even to meet an inner expectation, they must have a form of outer accountability. So if you

“want to read more, join a book group where you really have to read the book. If you want to”

exercise, take a class. We're able to charge you if you don't show up. Work out with a friend. He'll be annoyed if you don't show up. Raise money for a charity. Think of your duty to be a role model. There's all kinds of ways to have outer accountability. Once you know that's what you need. Abligers are great leaders, great team members, great friends, great family members, because they're the people that tend to go the extra mile. But they're disappointed to themselves

because they're like, why can't I keep my promises to myself? So their motto is, you can count on me.

And I'm counting on you to count on me. And then finally, rubbles. This is the smallest group.

Rubbles resist outer and inner expectations alike. They want to do what they want to do in their own way in their own time. They can do anything they want to do. They can do anything they choose to do. But if you ask or tell them to do something, they're very likely to resist. And typically, they don't tell themselves what to do. Like they don't sign up for the 10 a.m. spin class, because they think, I don't know what I'm going to want to do on the weekend,

and just the fact that I'm supposed to show up somewhere is going to annoy me. So their motto is, you can't make me, I neither can I. But once you know these, you can do game of thrones characters. You can do office characters. There's all sorts of movies that have these tendencies in them, because they're really easy to spot once you know what to look for. Yeah, fam, have you ever had a message you meant to reply to, and then just didn't?

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of rebel, but I think I'm more of an upholder. Well, it's interesting because

rebels sometimes think they are upholders, but upholders never think that they are rebels.

I really think maybe I would love to know if you're a rebel, if you're just a highly disciplined rebel or if you're just an upholder who... I always sign up for workout classes and I always, I'm always signing up for things and going to things, but I also am an entrepreneur

“and I don't like being told what to do. That's why I'm an entrepreneur. But if something's”

important to you, do you find it? If you've decided you want to stick to something, it's pretty easy for you to do. Do you do it easy? I never need accountability. I always get things done. I always hit deadlines. I always, you know, I've been doing this podcast for eight years, never missed an episode. Like, you know what I mean? If somebody told you to do something, like if I said, okay, here's a question for you. Let's tell you when we're in a coffee shop,

and it's very, it's very empty, not even the weight staff is back there. It's just you and me, and there's a big sign in the wall that says absolutely no cell phone use. And I pull out my cell phone and start using it. How would you feel? I wouldn't care. You wouldn't care. Like, I would, if you weren't like talking loud and being rude, then I would care. But if you were just like on your phone and not being, not being loud, then I'd like leave you alone. I wouldn't, I wouldn't

cause a stink. But if you were talking on the phone, I didn't have a person not like, I will say, like, interrupt people with things are wrong. So like, I would, I guess like, in that example,

resolutions? I stick to them. I like them. So I think maybe you are an upholder. The, you sound like a

questioner there because you were sort of like, well, why, because it's not like you were saying, why is there the rule? If it's not, if it's not making sense, you don't have to do it. But a poll is 10, but a questioner is 10, not for like near social justice. I feel like I'm this opposite of a questioner. I get annoyed from people who question, like, I'm more like an executor. Okay. Well, questions are executors too, but they only execute if they understand why.

So they would say they're excellent. They were said they are the best at executing, because everybody else is more likely to do something for the wrong reasons.

“But anyway, how you have to take the quiz and make sure you need to take the quiz.”

And I will say this. Sometimes people really do, they're like, I can't decide if I'm this

or I'm that, I have a book where I write about it. And usually when people read a chapter,

like there's lots of people of that tendency speaking and almost people are like, oh, I say that. I say that. I say that. That sounds like me. My wife says that about me all the time. It's like, it jumps out at you once you know them. I think sometimes what I describe them very briefly. Sometimes people like lock it. It's hard to give the whole flavor of it. Yeah. If I sat with you for half an hour and like just asked you question after question,

did I get probably figure you out that I don't think nobody wants to say this. But it's a really useful thing to do because I have to say, if I knew you were a rebel versus you were an upholder, versus a question or versus an obliger, I might communicate with you in a very, very different way. Yeah. Because I would know that certain things you respond to and certain things like kind of set your teeth on edge. So I would speak to you in a way so that I make sure that I'm

we're communicating as effectively as possible. Yeah. So you had mentioned that a bladgers is the largest group. So let's go back to secrets of adulthood. What is one secret that you think every a bladger needs to know so that they don't get burned out. So they don't burn themselves

“out trying to just people please everybody. It's not selfish to be selfish. That you have to”

think about yourself. When you give more to yourself, you can ask more from yourself. We talked about that earlier. You know, well, well, this isn't enough. This isn't an original secret of adulthood for me. But you often hear people quote it who are obligers, which is put on your own oxygen mask first. People often say this to bladgers because obligers are often like a so busy helping other people with their oxygen masks that they're not getting enough oxygen. It's like,

okay, you've got to take care of yourself. If only to help you care for others. And I've just say it's an upholder when a bladgers would express that kind of idea. I need to take care of myself so I can care for others. Don't what sort of annoy me. I would be like, look, you matter. Like, take care of yourself for yourself. You don't need to justify taking care of yourself because it's going to be good for somebody else. But now I realized that wasn't that really wasn't helpful.

That that idea is actually a very powerful idea for an obliger. And if that is a kind of accountability

that they're invoking to help care for themselves, then that's really useful. And I don't, I never

would want to argue against somebody. Something an idea that's working well for them. And so I think many, many bladgers will say things like, I've got to put on my own oxygen mask first. Or I have to care for myself if I'm going to care for others. It's like, okay, well, maybe that's a really helpful idea for you. For the questioners out there in a business context, what are some of the the pros and the cons of being a questioner and how can they avoid analysis paralysis and some

of the negative things that come along with being a questioner? Yeah, some questioners do fall into analysis paralysis. And this is when their desire for perfect information makes it hard for them to move forward or make a decision. And it's a problem because in this life and a lot of times in the workplace, we can't wait for perfect information or we can't get perfect information. And that can be really, that can be one questioner described to me as the black hole of research

that like the whole of it that just the gravitational force to do more and more and more research, like she had to really fight against it because she just wanted to do so much research. Now, of course, this is an enormous strength and in many situations, it would be maybe one of your superpowers is like you just love research and you're going to really figure out what is the best solution. But sometimes it can become too much. You can drain and overwhelm others with constant

questioning. This is something that people around customers will often talk about that they feel like the questioners are asking too many questions. Actually, that's a sign of a questioner as I say, like, as a kid, and people tell you, you ask too many questions. And so questioners need to learn how to ask questions in a way that feels constructive to other people and doesn't feel like like you're constantly undermining people's authority or questioning their judgment or

“acting as a bottleneck. You have to figure out how to do that in a constructive way.”

With analysis paralysis, there's a couple of things that you can do if you feel like you're prone to it. One is deadlines. Give yourself a deadline. It's like, you know, look, by the end of the

forward. I can always, you know, if it doesn't work out, that'll be information, but it's not

“efficient to like keep postponing the decision, because it's an appeal to efficiency, which is”

really high value for customer. Another is trusted authority. Okay, I can, you know, this team is using this platform. And we really trust their, their work and their research. And if they feel like this platform works for them, then I can believe that it will work for my team too. I don't have to reinvent the wheel. I can use trusted authority. And the other is limits. Like, okay, I'm going to look at five possibilities for this decision, but not want me. Like, five isn't enough to give me a range.

I'll, you know, I'll get a good list. And then I'll look at these five and then I'll make a decision. Again, it's not efficient. Sometimes like you just, it's not a good use of your time and energy

to like run down every single detail. And there are things where, you know, what is the best

bike? I mean, you could research out for the rest of your life, right? But the time you're done looking at all the options, there's new options. So part of being a question is learning to manage that desire for perfect information. Yeah. Question about rebels. So you said that they, you know, they, they don't, they're not accountable to others. They're also not accountable to themselves. So how can, you know, somebody who's a rebel or who has a rebel in their life

help nudge them to actually do something or like, what's the way to help them actually make a change or be accountable? Well, that is a really great question because people around rebels are often frustrated and rebels often get frustrated with themselves because they can't make themselves do whatever, you know, what is it they want to get done? So there's a couple different strategies to try. One is an appeal to identity. So identity is super important for rebels. And so if you tie a behavior

or a habit to an identity, then the rebel wants to do it because it's part of their identity. So you're an artist. You're an entrepreneur. You're a reliable partner. You're a loving parent. You're an environmentalist. Like all of these identities carry with them actions, behaviors, habits. And so the more somebody is thinking about their identity, the more they're going to do it. So if you're like, look, I'm a successful entrepreneur. And like, I have to send my

invoices out on time. That's the kind of thing that rebels don't like to do. It's repeated. It's boring. Well, but it's like, if I'm a successful entrepreneur, I'm sending out my invoices that I'm getting paid for my work. And so then it's tied to an identity. Instead of like,

“you have to do this. You should do this. I'm telling you to do this. I'm reminding you to do this.”

Right. It's like, no, it's not that. It's like it's who I am because I'm an entrepreneur. Another thing is information consequences choice. This is when you give the rubble, the information they need. You tell them the consequences of their action or inaction. And then you just let them choose. And, you know, like, if you were at work, you could say, okay, you know, like, let's say this rubble isn't coming to this mandatory weekly staff meeting that everybody else goes to. They just don't go.

You could say, do you know what we do at that weekly staff meeting? We look at all the upcoming projects. And we decide who gets what? And whoever's in the meeting takes the most interesting projects. And then we assign the boring ones to whoever's not in the meeting. So the meeting is one say a 10 a.m. Right. And it's just like, come if you want or don't. And then that's just the consequence or like, you know, or you could, if you had a client, you could say, um, you can get this

to be by Friday or you can get it to be by Monday. You know, on after Monday, there's going to be a thousand dollar penalty for, you know, because we've gone past our green date, but whatever works for you. It's like you can get it on that time or you can pay the thousand bucks. I'm not telling you what to do.

“I'm just giving you the information that you need. What is it you would like to do?”

Hand it in on Friday or pay the thousand dollars. You can pay the thousand dollars. And then no nudging, no reminding, no rescuing, no praising, because these are can all be interpreted by a rubble as an attempt to control. And that is what they do not like. They do not like to be controlled. In fact, I said, it can be kind of like controlled by their desire not to be controlled. Like

like with sort of psychology, like someone like you could never get this done by Friday.

All right. I remember talking, you know, somebody I know quit smoking because his 18 year old son said to him, "Dad, an old guy like you could never quit smoking. Like you've been addicted so long that's a back of companies to have you right where they want you. You could never kick the habit." And he's like, "Oh yeah, watch me." And he quit smoking that day. Right? Because it's like, "You think you're in control? No, I'm in control. You're not telling me what to do."

So, but you know, sometimes we get in their way. We try to help them. We try to encourage them. We like, you can give them, you know, and it's like, you know, you got to get out of the way. You got to let a rubble decide what they're going to do because in the end, they will do what they want to do. You cannot make them do what you want them to do. And I mean, this

you realize how free we all are when you are with a rubble. That is the great thing that I have learned from rubbles is we are all more free than we think. Well, that four tendencies framework is just so useful. So, I highly recommend anybody to go grab that book, take that quiz, learn who you are. I feel like it just helps you with your relationships. So, let's talk about relationships because

“I know that's one of the most important things. I think one of the biggest reasons for people's”

unhappiness, especially in 2026 is loneliness, right? And the cure for loneliness is relationships.

So, first off, just start us off with your thoughts around the current state of people's loneliness

and how we should really think about our relationships. Again, it's this happiness principle of like if you're thinking about spending your time, energy, your money, spending and on relationships, really making relationships a very, very high priority. And people have very different preferences, like some people want to like walk into a group of, you know, like a bustling cocktail party, and then some people want to just like sit down with one or two friends. So, again, you want to

think about what's true for you. But really relationships are at the core of a happy life. At work, when people say who's happy at work, it's somebody who says I have a friend at work, meaning I have somebody who has my back. I have somebody to whom I can confide an important secret. So, this isn't just somebody that you're having fun conversation with. This is somebody who you really like feels invested in you. Also, when you look at people who are happy at work, it's like

it's that the person that they directly report to cares about them and wants to help them succeed, not the visionary leader at the top. It's like that person right above you who you feel like this person cares about me. So, these relationships, when they look at people who are happy at work, they see this over and over. One of the big challenges of our time is work from home, flexible,

workspace. We just always took it for granted that if you were working, you were with all these people.

And the world was set up with that. We didn't think about how do you build team spirit when everybody's remote? How do you create intimacy across time zones? How do you learn the truth about somebody when they just are like a flat avatar? And you don't even know how tall they are, because you've never seen them in person. I mean, these are challenges that I think are really like in some way, flexible work is great for relationships, but sometimes it can make it really hard.

“And so, I think it's really something for us all to think about how am I making new friends?”

How am I building relationships? How am I? I'm a big fan of groups, like at starting a group, because a group is a much better way. It's a much more efficient way to see people. And a lot,

you know, it's time is really limited for people. And so, if you can have a group of people,

and if you miss one, you miss one, but you'll see the next time. And then you just see them over and over. That is something that can really help you build friendships over time. People have book clubs, but there's a lot. You can, you can do it around anything that you're interested in. I feel like a lot of adults have a lot of acquaintances. And you just brought up groups, but something that I found in groups is that because you don't get one-on-one time with people,

everything is just so surface level. And then, like, when push comes to shove, you don't feel like that person's actually your friend. Like, if I think about my real friends, they're the ones that I've known for like five years that I've spent a lot of one-on-one time, or like the ones I went to high school with, like those are my real friends. But then, when I think about the groups that I mean, they just feel like acquaintances.

So, like, how do we take it to the next level and actually create a real friendship with someone

“from a group? I'm so glad you brought that up. That's such an important distinction that I think”

a lot of people miss. And I think I mentioned that I'm writing a book about the empty nest period, which I'm rebranding as the open door period. And one thing a lot of people find out is they thought they had friends because they like had social time and people were texting back and forth. And they, you know, they were seeing people over and over, but they were really friendly acquaintances. They weren't friends. So to turn on acquaintances to a friend, you have to go,

you have to take that relationship the next step. And you name one of them. You have to do things by yourself. You have to say to somebody, "Hey, do you want to see this movie with me?" Or, "Hey, I love to hike, too. Do you want to try this hike together?" You have to, like, say, I, or invite a person to your home. Go on a double date with them. Give them a gift when it's their birthday or something important. Follow up with them. How was your mother's surgery? I've been

thinking about you. These are things where it's one-on-one. It's not the group text. It's not the group show up. It's you and me together showing that we're more important to each other. And here's

so awkward to be like, "Hey, do you want to get a cup of coffee with me?" But what research shows is that

people are actually very open to this. When, one of the things we like most about people is if we think they like us. And so if you make a gesture that's like, "Hey, Hala, I like you. I would like to spend a little time just with you." Then you're like, "Oh, Gretchen, I like your taste." So they tend to even if you feel a little awkward doing it. People tend to welcome these much more than you might think. And people understand the value of it. And so if it does feel a little forced, that's okay.

“And the worst thing that can happen is they aren't interested. And sometimes people are like they've”

got so much going on. They just literally don't have time to do something or to invest in a person. And that's probably true for all of us at certain times of our lives. And so trying that to take

it personally and just say, "You know, that was I tried it and it didn't work out. I had people

in my life that I thought, "Oh, I thought we could be friends, but they don't seem to want to be friends." And it's like, "Okay, I got other friends." But you got to try, you got to take your shots. And but it's really, really valuable. I think these acquaintances are a great starting ground. They're great fodder. And then really say who would, who would I want to deepen it with? Who do I want to sort of take it one on one with? But you're right, don't think that because you

see them often. They're friends. Totally. Because they may not be true friends. Yeah, I totally agree. And I feel like I've had so I just moved to Austin, right? So I moved to Austin about 14 months ago. And I've made a lot of friends a lot of acquaintances. I just had a big

birthday. And there was a group of women that I met all the time for dinner, like in a big group.

So many of my friends from New York, they flew out to Austin from my birthday. Like 20 people flew out from my birthday. I had a big birthday with like 80 people. But then nobody from this women's group almost nobody showed up. Even though I would, those I thought were like my new friends that I had made from, you know what I mean? And I was like, "I guess I got to do more one on one time," you know, because like, and then that really clicked for me. And might be that

in three years of beating. Exactly. Because then you would have had the time and you would have sat next to them and you would have seen them over and over and that would have gotten deeper. Yeah. But it's maybe too soon. It's all kind of just like, okay, we're all just getting acquainted. Exactly. It's a learning lesson. Okay, cool. So let's, let's, this was an awesome interview. I feel like we really covered a lot. We've listened to all ages on this podcast. So there's definitely

people who have their kids leaving. And, you know, you talk about this concept of, um, M. D. Nest.

“And now you call it an open door. So why are you writing this book? And what's the flip on that?”

Well, I'm, you know, somebody who studies happiness, I'm fascinated because it's, it's a kind of a forced reckoning of adulthood. And for most adults, you know, new possibilities come into view, old problems that have been maybe ignored, also come into view. Um, it's for many people. It is a very profound reckoning. It's a very big milestone. And of course, it happens to different people at different times. Your child might go to the military. Maybe you feel it

most when your oldest child goes, not when your youngest child goes. There's all, there's sort of all different ways that it can hit you. But there's usually a time where you sort of feel like, okay, I am entering into a new season of life. And I'm not the kind of active parent that I was. And so what does that mean for me? And for some people, that's a lot last lack of purpose. For some people, it's a loss of identity. For some people, it's just like, they don't know what to do with

their time. Other people feel, some people feel relieved and energized. And they're like, they're, it's, it's a, it's a bonus. Others don't feel that way. For a lot of people, it's a mix. There's kind of grief and relief. And so the book is an attempt to sort of help people understand what they're feeling. Because again, my whole thing is everybody acts like everybody has the same experience. But they really do not. It's very profound differences. And once you really understand

what you're experiencing, you can address it. And also, if you're, with somebody else who's having a very different experience, you can have more empathy. Because you can understand, like, okay, I'm feeling this way, but you're feeling that way. Because sometimes people are just, they're so baffled by each other that they really, they can't communicate effectively. So I hope it's, we'll just give people a lot of clarity on, on themselves and others. So I, I end my show. I asked the same

“question to all my guests. It's usually what is the secret to profiting in life. But we've been talking”

about secrets this, this whole episode. So my question to you is, if, if our young profitors could just stick to one secret of adulthood, what would it be and why? Except yourself and also expect more from yourself. I feel like in the end that covers everything.

Where can everybody learn about you and everything that you do? Gretchenrubin.com. You can listen to my podcast,

“tap your with Gretchenrubin. You can sign up for my five things making me happy. Newsletter. You can read my books.”

I have a lot of quizzes about happiness. You can take the quizzes. But you can find everything that you need at Gretchenrubin.com. Awesome. Well, thank you so much. Thank you.

Well, yeah, fam. That was Gretchenrubin. And this conversation is a reminder that your life only works when it actually fits you.

We love to chase better habits, better routines, better systems. But none of that works if it's not built on what's actually true for you.

“One of the biggest takeaways for me is how often we get in our own way without realizing it.”

Gretchen calls these loopholes. Those little justifications that sound harmless but quietly keep you stuck.

Of too busy, I did it yesterday. I just have a break. Start paying attention to those moments those loopholes,

because once you catch the pattern, you can break it. And then there's drift. This one's real. You don't wake up one day completely off track. It happens slowly, decision by decision or not by deciding at all. And by the way, your drift might be somebody else's dream. But by the time we start questioning things, that's your signal. Don't ignore it. That's your moment to course correct. And remember when something can be done anytime, it often gets done at no time. So stop waiting for the perfect moment.

At the end of the day, there's no universal blueprint for success or happiness. No tool fits every hand. Your job is to figure out what actually works for you. What energizes you. What you naturally follow through on.

“And build your life around that. Because when your life is aligned with who you really are,”

everything else gets easier. Now it's on you to take what Gretchen shared and actually put it into action. And if you listen learned and profited from this conversation, share it with a fellow entrepreneur who needs to hear it. You can also watch this episode on YouTube just search young and profiting. And don't forget to subscribe and drop a comment on what resonated with you most. And if you prefer audio, we're on Apple Podcasts, Spotify,

Castbox, everywhere you can listen to podcasts. You can also connect with me on Instagram, @yapathala or LinkedIn, just search for my name. It's Hala Taha. A special shout out to our producer Nina, who works tirelessly behind the scenes to make every episode's shine. Nina, we see you working so hard. We appreciate you so much and the whole team adores you. Thank you so much for all that you do. This is your host,

Hala Taha aka the podcast princess signing off.